Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the cyclical nature of A-shares and the rotation between active and index funds, highlighting that the current trend may favor active funds after a prolonged period of underperformance [3][6]. Group 1: Index Funds Outperforming Active Funds - Historical instances show that index funds have outperformed active funds during five notable periods, including bull markets and specific market conditions from 2022 to 2024 [8]. - The first three instances of index funds outperforming occurred during bull markets, characterized by rapid and significant gains, typically lasting less than a year [10]. - The fourth instance, covering 2016-2018, was less intense, with index funds, particularly the CSI 300, outperforming due to a focus on large-cap value stocks [11][16]. Group 2: Reasons for Performance Rotation - Market dynamics dictate that when stocks rise significantly, they may face corrections, leading to periods where index funds appear to perform better [22]. - The influx of capital into index funds, especially ETFs, has been a significant factor in their recent outperformance, with the domestic ETF market reaching 4.32 trillion yuan as of July 4 [24]. - Economic conditions also play a role; in times of economic downturn, active stock selection may yield negative excess returns, particularly during the Federal Reserve's interest rate hikes from 2022 to 2024 [26]. Group 3: Future Outlook for Active Funds - The adjustment period for active funds has been sufficient, indicating a potential trend reversal where active funds may start to outperform again [30][32]. - Despite ongoing growth in index fund capital, there are signs of policy support for active funds, which may lead to a resurgence in their performance [34]. - Structural investment opportunities in sectors like AI and innovative pharmaceuticals may favor active fund strategies moving forward [35].