Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of public welfare as the fundamental attribute of the healthcare system and the guiding principle for deepening the reform of the medical and health system, particularly focusing on public hospital reforms [1]. Group 1: Reform Areas - The reform of staffing focuses on enhancing personnel stability and sense of belonging to create conditions for achieving public welfare. It aims to establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for public hospital staffing, breaking down barriers to talent mobility and allowing efficient allocation of medical personnel based on public health needs [1]. - Price reform is crucial for establishing a new operational mechanism centered on public welfare. It involves creating a fee structure that reflects the value of medical personnel's technical services and the operational costs of medical institutions, with dynamic adjustments based on price indices and costs [2]. - The salary system reform aims to establish a distribution mechanism aligned with public welfare. It includes reasonable determination and dynamic adjustment of public hospital performance salary totals, narrowing salary gaps between different levels of hospitals, and gradually increasing the fixed income ratio to focus on technical improvement and service quality [2]. Group 2: Regulatory and Financial Support - Comprehensive regulatory reform is essential to safeguard public welfare. It aims to ensure that the maintenance of public welfare does not deviate from its course, establishing a regulatory framework that combines government leadership, institutional autonomy, industry self-discipline, and social oversight [3]. - Government investment is a crucial support for public welfare. The article suggests exploring a financial input growth mechanism that aligns with economic and social development levels, ensuring that institutions are not "troubled by survival" [3]. - The article calls for strengthening the foundation of service supply through deepening the integration of medical and preventive care and solidifying the role of family doctors as core health guardians for residents [3].