Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the construction of the Tibet-Guangdong Direct Current Project, which is the world's most advanced flexible direct current transmission project, aiming to deliver clean energy from the Tibetan Plateau to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area over a distance of 2,681 kilometers [1][5]. Group 1: Project Overview - The Tibet-Guangdong Direct Current Project is the first ultra-high voltage project to traverse such complex terrain, facing challenges such as high altitude, frozen ground, geological disasters, and environmental protection [1]. - The project spans 2,681 kilometers, with nearly 90% of the route being mountainous and 30% at high altitudes, reaching a maximum elevation of 5,300 meters [1]. Group 2: Technical Challenges - The project involves significant technical challenges, including conducting high-altitude long air gap discharge tests to understand the electrical field behavior and ensure the safety of converter station equipment [2]. - The team conducted over 3000 discharge tests to gather crucial data for high-altitude operations, overcoming the difficulties posed by low oxygen levels and extreme temperature variations [2]. Group 3: Innovations and Solutions - A new energy self-balancing topology for flexible direct current converters was developed to address the issue of energy surges during grid faults, ensuring the stability of the system [3]. - The project also tackled the challenge of cosmic radiation affecting power devices at high altitudes, leading to the establishment of safety voltage thresholds and measures to reduce failure rates [4]. Group 4: Expected Impact - Upon completion, the project is expected to deliver over 43 billion kilowatt-hours of clean energy annually to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, equivalent to half the annual output of the Three Gorges Dam, enhancing power supply capacity by 5 million kilowatts for both Guangzhou and Shenzhen [5].

Core Viewpoint - The construction of the Zang-Guangdong DC project, the world's most powerful and advanced flexible DC transmission project, has commenced, aiming to enhance clean energy transmission from Tibet to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area [1] Group 1: Project Overview - The Zang-Guangdong DC project starts in Tibet and spans approximately 2,681 kilometers through Yunnan and Guangxi, ending in Guangdong [1] - The project will include four converter stations located in Changdu and Linzhi in Tibet, as well as Guangzhou and Shenzhen in Guangdong [1] - Upon full operation in 2029, the project is expected to deliver over 43 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity annually to the Greater Bay Area, equivalent to half of the annual output of the Three Gorges Dam, with 100% being clean energy [1] Group 2: Technical Challenges and Solutions - The project faces significant challenges due to its geographical route, which includes traversing the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and South China hills, with nearly 90% of the route being mountainous terrain [1] - The instability of renewable energy generation presents additional challenges for the construction of the Zang-Guangdong project [1] - To ensure the smooth delivery of green electricity to Guangdong, the project employs world-leading "ultra-high voltage multi-terminal flexible DC transmission" technology, which allows for flexible scheduling of green electricity generated at different times and locations, minimizing current disturbances and impacts on the power grid [1] - The technology enables the transmission of green electricity from Tibet to Guangdong in just 9 milliseconds [1]

Core Viewpoint - The construction of the Tibet-Guangdong Direct Current Project, a key cross-provincial power transmission project under China's 14th Five-Year Plan, has commenced, aiming to deliver clean energy from Tibet to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, with a total transmission capacity of over 43 billion kilowatt-hours annually after full operation in 2029, equivalent to half of the annual output of the Three Gorges Dam [2][5]. Group 1 - The Tibet-Guangdong Direct Current Project starts in southeastern Tibet and traverses Yunnan and Guangxi, covering approximately 2,681 kilometers, with four converter stations built in Tibet and Guangdong [1][4]. - The project utilizes advanced "Ultra-High Voltage Multi-Terminal Flexible Direct Current" technology to manage the instability of renewable energy generation, ensuring a stable power supply with minimal disruption to the grid, allowing for the transmission of green electricity from Tibet to Guangdong in just 9 milliseconds [7]. - The renewable energy installed capacity at the starting point in southeastern Tibet reaches 10 million kilowatts, highlighting the region's potential for clean energy generation [4].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of Inner Mongolia's clean energy resources and the development of a stable and reliable power grid system to efficiently transmit this energy across the country, aligning with the "14th Five-Year Plan" for a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient energy system [1][3]. Group 1: Energy Infrastructure Development - Inner Mongolia is the largest province in China for installed renewable energy capacity, playing a crucial role in supporting the national power grid during peak demand periods [3]. - The Zhangbei-Success 1000 kV UHVAC project is set to be operational by October 31, 2024, establishing a UHV transmission corridor between two key substations, enhancing the safety and stability of power transmission [5][7]. - The project will expand the UHV substation capacity by 9 million kVA, enabling the transmission of over 70 billion kWh of electricity annually, equivalent to the annual consumption of 19 million households, with 72% coming from renewable sources [7]. Group 2: Technological Innovations and Challenges - UHV technology is critical for reducing power losses during long-distance transmission, as it allows for higher voltage and lower current, minimizing heat losses [3]. - The development of GIS (Gas Insulated Switchgear) technology is essential for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid, although pre-warning for GIS faults remains a global challenge [9][11]. - A new panoramic perception laboratory for long-term operation of UHV GIS has been established to simulate typical working conditions and detect internal anomalies, utilizing advanced detection technologies [11]. Group 3: Green Energy Transactions - Inner Mongolia has established itself as the leader in green electricity trading in China, having formed cooperative agreements with eight provinces for green electricity delivery [13]. - The region has developed eight UHV transmission corridors and supporting grid projects aimed at delivering clean energy to North and East China, with a total of 26 UHV supporting facilities under construction during the "14th Five-Year Plan" [14]. - As of now, Inner Mongolia has transmitted over 630 billion kWh of electricity, with approximately 145 billion kWh being clean energy [14].