Core Points - The article discusses the ethical violations of former Federal Reserve Board member Adriana Kugler, who reported multiple stock trades that contravened Federal Reserve policies, leading to an investigation by the Office of the Inspector General [1][2][4] - Kugler's spouse conducted these trades, which included stocks from Apple and Southwest Airlines, violating the Federal Reserve's prohibition on trading individual stocks by board members and their families [2][4] - This incident has raised concerns about the enforcement of ethical standards among Federal Reserve officials, especially following previous controversies regarding trading practices [1][6] Summary by Sections Violations and Investigations - Kugler's financial disclosure for the 2024 fiscal year revealed multiple stock trades that violated Federal Reserve policies, prompting an internal investigation [2][4] - The Federal Reserve's rules explicitly prohibit board members and their families from trading individual stocks to prevent conflicts of interest [2][4] Previous Incidents - This is not the first time Kugler has faced scrutiny; she previously reported four violations a year ago, claiming her husband acted without her knowledge [5][6] - Following the recent disclosures, it was revealed that Kugler sought a waiver from trading restrictions before a Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting, which was denied, leading to her absence from the meeting [5][6] Policy Context and Changes - Kugler's resignation on August 1, 2024, occurred shortly after her absence from the FOMC meeting, raising questions about the timing and implications of her departure [6][7] - The Federal Reserve has strengthened its ethical guidelines since 2022, prohibiting board members from trading a wide range of financial assets, including stocks and cryptocurrencies, to enhance transparency and prevent conflicts of interest [6][7] - The new policies apply not only to the officials themselves but also to their spouses and minor children, aiming to eliminate potential conflicts from the outset [7]

据相关资料披露，当时她报告其配偶购买苹果和西南航空等股票，有关交易违反美联储对成员及其家属 投资活动的规定。美联储规定，高级官员或其配偶不得交易个股，且FOMC会议前10天为"噤声期"，禁 止任何证券买卖。库格勒2023年加入美联储，此次披露发布于库格勒一年前自报4笔违反美联储强化规 则的交易之后。当时她将违规描述为"意外"，由其丈夫在她并不知情的情况下操作，且无意违反规定。 库格勒表示，在得知违规后，她立即向道德官员报告，并按指示在规则允许的最早时间出售了相关资 产。 这些申报表格于当地时间11月15日由美国联邦政府道德办公室(OGE)公开。库格勒在今年9月提交了这 些报表，大约是在她辞去美联储理事职位一个月之后。 鲍威尔在2022年推出了更严格的个人金融交易政策，理事及地区联储主席不得以个人名义购买股票、基 金、债券、加密货币、大宗商品等在内的一系列资产，规定还适用于官员的配偶和未成年子女。据一位 美联储官员透露，在7月FOMC会议前，为了解决违规导致可能无法参会的问题，库格勒曾向鲍威尔请 求豁免交易禁令，但该请求遭到拒绝。 根据规定，美联储高级官员每年必须提交个人财务披露报告，详细说明收入来源、金融交易 ...