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这十年,高考什么变了
经济观察报· 2025-06-06 13:48
梳理发现,2021年至2024年,高考报名人数与本专科招生数 的"剪刀差"从76.7万逐步升至273.1万;自2020年以来,普 通高中招生数与中等职业学校招生数的差距越拉越大,越来越 多的中考生能够进入普高。 作者:李静 田进 封图:图虫创意 又是一年高考季。教育部数据显示,今年高考报名人数为1335万人,相比去年下跌7万人,为2017 年来高考报名人数首次下滑。 2023年高考报名人数为1291万人,其中本科院校(包含普通本科、职业本科)录取人数为487.1万 人,高职(即专科)录取人数为555.1万人。 梳理发现,2021年至2024年,高考报名人数与本专科(包括普通本科、职业本科、专科)招生数 的"剪刀差"从76.7万逐步升至273.1万;自2020年以来,普通高中(下称"普高")招生数与中等职 业学校(下称"中职",包括普通中专、成人中专、职业高中和技工学校)招生数的差距越拉越大, 越来越多的中考生能够进入普高。 对于今年高考报名人数的减少,中国教育科学研究院研究员储朝晖认为, 主要减少的是复读生, 以及已经 取得 中专学历想报考大学的人群,这两部分人群的数量下降了。 大专扩招趋缓 从图一来看,20 ...
这十年,高考什么变了
Jing Ji Guan Cha Wang· 2025-06-06 13:24
Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights a decline in the number of high school entrance exam (Gaokao) candidates in 2023, marking the first drop since 2017, with a total of 13.35 million candidates, down by 70,000 from the previous year [1] - The number of candidates for the 2023 Gaokao is 12.91 million, with 4.871 million admitted to undergraduate institutions and 5.551 million to vocational colleges [1] - The gap between the number of Gaokao candidates and the enrollment numbers for undergraduate and vocational colleges has widened significantly from 767,000 in 2021 to 2.731 million in 2024, indicating a growing disparity in educational opportunities [4][6] Group 2 - The expansion of vocational college enrollment has slowed down after a significant increase from 2019 to 2021, where the number of vocational college admissions surged from approximately 3.6 million to 5.526 million [5][6] - The government initiated a large-scale expansion of vocational colleges in 2019, which was a strategic decision to address structural unemployment and support economic transformation [5] - The ratio of students to teachers in vocational colleges has increased from 22.8 in 2018 to over 26 in 2023, indicating a growing emphasis on vocational education [5] Group 3 - In 2023, Henan province has the highest number of vocational school students at 1.12 million, while its regular high school enrollment is 2.623 million, reflecting a strong emphasis on vocational education [8] - The number of regular high schools in Henan is 174, the highest in the country, but only 34.5% of these are undergraduate institutions [7] - The enrollment ratio of regular high schools to vocational schools has increased from 57.6% in 2020 to 64.3% in 2024, indicating a trend towards more students entering regular high schools [13] Group 4 - The disparity in the development of regular high schools and vocational schools is evident, with the number of vocational schools decreasing significantly from over 14,000 in 2009 to 7,085 in 2023 [13] - The investment in vocational education varies significantly across provinces, with some regions like Beijing having a much lower student-to-teacher ratio compared to others like Hainan and Guizhou [14] - The educational focus in eastern regions tends to prioritize regular high school education, while in central and western regions, there is a more balanced approach towards vocational education [14]