科技日报记者 都 芃 福建福清兴华湾畔，海风劲吹。沿着海岸线望去，福清核电基地6台机组巍然矗立。其中，5、6号机组 安全壳上方那一圈水泥"头箍"，让人一眼认出，这是我国自主三代核电"华龙一号"。 10年前的2015年5月7日，福清核电基地"华龙一号"全球首堆浇筑第一罐混凝土，中国自主三代核电从这 里出发走向世界。 5月8日，在"华龙一号"全球首堆开工建设10周年之际，记者探访"华龙一号"全球首堆，重温中国自主三 代核电创新征程。 2010年，中核集团启动"华龙一号"前身ACP1000的研发工作。2011年，日本福岛核事故带来惨痛教训， 我国要求新建机组必须满足国际最高安全标准。中国核电人横下一条心，决定加快研发具有自主知识产 权、安全性更高的三代核电。 2014年，ACP1000通过国际原子能机构反应堆通用设计审查，随后正式定名为"华龙一号"。一年后的 2015年5月7日，"华龙一号"全球首堆落地福清核电基地，正式开工建设。 纵观全球三代核电，"首堆必拖"是建设工程挥之不去的"魔咒"。 "华龙一号"作为我国自主三代核电，首堆是先锋中的先锋，毫无经验可供参考。"拖"，似乎成了必然。 "'华龙一号'示范工程的使命 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant achievements and advancements of China's "Hualong One" nuclear technology over the past decade, showcasing its transition from a follower to a leader in the global nuclear power industry, with a focus on safety, efficiency, and international collaboration [1][11]. Group 1: Development and Achievements - "Hualong One" has seen the successful operation of 7 units domestically and internationally, with a total of 41 units either in operation or under construction globally [1][2]. - The first "Hualong One" unit has achieved nearly 1000 days of safe operation, generating approximately 65 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity, demonstrating its operational excellence [7][11]. - The construction of the first unit was completed in just 68.7 months, setting a global record for the construction of third-generation nuclear power plants [4]. Group 2: Technical Innovations - The "Hualong One" design features a rated power of over 1100 MWe, a lifespan of 60 years, and advanced safety measures, including the ability to withstand a magnitude 9 earthquake and protection against large aircraft impacts [2][3]. - The development process involved the establishment of a comprehensive standard system and a robust intellectual property framework, including over 700 domestic patents and 65 international patents [3]. Group 3: International Expansion - The "Hualong One" technology has been successfully implemented in the K-2/K-3 units at the Karachi Nuclear Power Plant in Pakistan, providing clean electricity for approximately 2 million people and creating over 60,000 local jobs [9][10]. - The project is recognized as a model for international energy cooperation, significantly contributing to Pakistan's energy structure and reducing carbon emissions [9]. Group 4: Talent Development - The establishment of the Hualong International Training Center aims to cultivate skilled personnel for the nuclear industry, with 538 operators and 293 senior operators trained to date [8][10]. - The training initiatives support the ongoing development and international deployment of "Hualong One" technology, enhancing the competitiveness of the Chinese nuclear industry [10].