转自：新华网 薛定谔猫又"变胖"了 奥地利维也纳大学等机构的研究人员在77开尔文（约零下196摄氏度）的超高真空环境中生成钠原子 簇，通过激光干涉实验确认钠原子簇具有量子波动性。实验中钠原子簇的直径约为8纳米，同时存在的 两个位置之间距离为133纳米，达到原子簇直径的10多倍。 此前曾有科研人员使16微克的晶体处于薛定谔猫态，比本次实验所用的钠原子簇质量大得多，但不同位 置之间的距离非常小，因而宏观度比本次实验要低。 新成果有助于寻找物质微观尺度与宏观尺度的界限，理解量子系统发生"退相干"、失去量子特性的过 程，也就是薛定谔猫的"生死"得到确定的过程，这对量子计算机研发有重要意义。量子计算机需要众多 的量子比特长时间维持在相干叠加态，才能进行有效计算。 相关论文发表在英国《自然》杂志上。 来源：新华社 世界上最神秘的猫——"既死又活"的薛定谔猫又"变胖"了。奥地利和德国科研人员近日报告，他们用约 7000个钠原子创造出迄今最大的量子叠加态，也是"宏观度"最大的薛定谔猫。 量子理论的核心概念是，微观尺度上的物质可以同时处于不同的量子态，称为相干叠加态。奥地利物理 学家薛定谔1935年提出著名的"薛定谔猫佯谬"， ...

（来源：沈阳日报） 转自：沈阳日报 宏观世界的猫当然不会既死又活。但在微观实验中，科学家已对粒子、粒子簇甚至整块晶体实现了薛定 谔猫态。宏观度是衡量薛定谔猫态有多么接近宏观状态的一个指标，其数值要结合"猫态"物体自身的大 小和质量、不同量子态之间的距离和叠加态持续的时间来计算。 奥地利维也纳大学等机构的研究人员在77开尔文（约零下196摄氏度）的超高真空环境中生成钠原子 簇，通过激光干涉实验确认钠原子簇具有量子波动性。实验中钠原子簇的直径约为8纳米，同时存在的 两个位置之间距离为133纳米，达到原子簇直径的10多倍。此前曾有科研人员使16微克的晶体处于薛定 谔猫态，比本次实验所用的钠原子簇质量大得多，但不同位置之间的距离非常小，因而宏观度比本次实 验要低。 新成果有助于寻找物质微观尺度与宏观尺度的界限，理解量子系统发生"退相干"、失去量子特性的过 程，也就是薛定谔猫的"生死"得到确定的过程，这对量子计算机研发有重要意义。量子计算机需要众多 的量子比特长时间维持在相干叠加态，才能进行有效计算。相关论文发表在英国《自然》杂志上。 新华社北京2月8日电 世界上最神秘的猫——"既死又活"的薛定谔猫又"变胖"了。奥地利 ...

Core Insights - Researchers from Austria and Germany have created the largest quantum superposition state to date using approximately 7,000 sodium atoms, representing the highest "macroscopic degree" of Schrödinger's cat [1][2] - The concept of quantum superposition allows particles to exist in multiple states simultaneously, which is illustrated by the famous Schrödinger's cat thought experiment proposed in 1935 [1] Group 1 - The experiment was conducted in a super high vacuum environment at 77 Kelvin (approximately -196 degrees Celsius), confirming the quantum wave properties of sodium atom clusters [2] - The diameter of the sodium atom clusters was about 8 nanometers, with a distance of 133 nanometers between two simultaneously existing positions, exceeding the cluster diameter by more than ten times [2] - Previous experiments achieved a Schrödinger's cat state with a 16 microgram crystal, which had a larger mass but a lower macroscopic degree due to the smaller distance between different positions [2] Group 2 - This new finding aids in exploring the boundary between microscopic and macroscopic scales of matter, enhancing the understanding of decoherence processes in quantum systems, which is crucial for the development of quantum computers [2] - Quantum computers require numerous qubits to maintain coherence in superposition states for effective computation [2]

Core Insights - Researchers from Austria and Germany have created the largest quantum superposition state to date using approximately 7,000 sodium atoms, representing the highest "macroscopic degree" of Schrödinger's cat [1][2] Group 1: Quantum Mechanics and Schrödinger's Cat - The concept of quantum superposition allows microscopic matter to exist in different quantum states simultaneously, exemplified by Schrödinger's cat thought experiment [1] - The "macroscopic degree" is a measure of how close the Schrödinger's cat state is to a macroscopic state, calculated based on the size and mass of the "cat" object, the distance between different quantum states, and the duration of the superposition state [1] Group 2: Experimental Details - The sodium atom clusters were generated in a super high vacuum environment at 77 Kelvin (approximately -196 degrees Celsius), with a diameter of about 8 nanometers and a distance of 133 nanometers between two simultaneously existing positions [2] - Previous experiments achieved a Schrödinger's cat state with a 16 microgram crystal, which had a larger mass but a lower macroscopic degree due to the smaller distance between different positions [2] Group 3: Implications for Quantum Computing - This new finding aids in understanding the boundary between microscopic and macroscopic scales, as well as the process of decoherence in quantum systems, which is crucial for the development of quantum computers [2]