Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the approval and implications of Xi'an's Land Spatial Overall Plan (2021-2035), emphasizing sustainable development and the integration of historical and cultural preservation with modern urban planning [1]. Group 1: Harmonious Coexistence - The plan emphasizes the integration of natural and cultural elements, reflecting Xi'an's historical significance and geographical features [2]. - The proposed overall framework includes "one screen, one belt, eight waters, seven fields, two hearts, and six pieces," aiming to balance historical preservation with modern urban development [2]. - The design principles of "harmony yet difference" and "singing in harmony" are highlighted as essential for maintaining uniqueness while fostering collaboration [2]. Group 2: Cultural Heritage Preservation - Xi'an's unique identity as a "thousand-year ancient capital" is underscored, with a focus on integrating natural landscapes into cultural heritage protection [3]. - The plan aims to create a systematic approach to cultural heritage preservation, emphasizing continuity, constraint, and dynamism [4]. - It includes the establishment of cultural protection lines and the incorporation of newly discovered historical sites into the protection framework [4]. Group 3: Multi-level Protection Strategies - The plan promotes the integration of cultural heritage into modern urban life, ensuring the preservation of significant historical sites and their surrounding environments [5]. - It emphasizes the importance of urban axes in guiding development and preserving historical order, including cultural heritage displays along these axes [5]. - The vision includes Xi'an as a key international gateway city and a representative of Chinese civilization, aiming for a balance between cultural heritage and modern urbanization [5].