Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the development of a novel super-resolution microscopy technique called mirror-enhanced 4Pi single-molecule localization microscopy (me4Pi-SMLM), which simplifies the traditional 4Pi-SMLM system while maintaining high precision in three-dimensional imaging [3][4]. Group 1 - The traditional 4Pi-SMLM technology faces a core limitation of anisotropic resolution, where axial resolution is typically 2-3 times worse than lateral resolution, making it difficult to accurately resolve complex three-dimensional cellular structures [2]. - The new me4Pi-SMLM technique replaces the second objective lens with a mirror, significantly simplifying the system structure and reducing hardware costs and maintenance difficulties while achieving comparable high-precision three-dimensional imaging capabilities [3][4]. - The core innovation of me4Pi-SMLM lies in its design, which uses a single objective lens and a mirror to create controllable interference patterns, enhancing axial localization precision by approximately five times [7]. Group 2 - The research team validated the performance of me4Pi-SMLM by imaging typical subcellular structures such as microtubules and nuclear pore complexes, demonstrating its superior three-dimensional super-resolution imaging capabilities [9]. - The technique allows for dual-color imaging, enabling the observation of spatial relationships between different cellular structures, and has been successfully applied to thicker samples with accurate localization across larger depth ranges [10]. - me4Pi-SMLM is not limited to fixed samples; it can also be applied to live-cell imaging, three-dimensional single-molecule tracking, and thick tissue imaging, achieving resolutions of 40-60 nanometers in live cells and 6 nanometers in single-molecule tracking [12]. Group 3 - The significance of this research lies in its ability to make high-precision three-dimensional super-resolution imaging more accessible, reducing system complexity and maintenance challenges while offering compatibility and upgrade potential for existing 3D-SMLM platforms [12]. - The advancements provided by me4Pi-SMLM are expected to broaden the application of high-precision imaging in various fields of life sciences, including cell biology, neuroscience, and disease mechanism research [12].

Core Viewpoint - A research team from ETH Zurich has developed a scalable manufacturing technology for nano-scale OLEDs, which is expected to advance applications in super-resolution imaging, on-chip light sources, and ultra-wideband chip communication [1]. Group 1: Manufacturing Technology - The team utilized a method called nanostencil lithography, enabling large-scale production of nano-scale OLEDs with a pixel density of up to 100,000 ppi and pixel sizes of only 100 nm [2]. - This new method does not require photoresist or complex photolithography processes, making it simpler, more efficient, and significantly reducing production costs [2]. - OLEDs produced using this technology have over 1 million pixels and achieve an external quantum efficiency of 13.1% [2]. Group 2: Advantages and Innovations - The research team developed an electroluminescent metasurface that allows precise control over light emission direction and polarization characteristics, opening new possibilities for optical devices, particularly in optical communication and display technology [2]. - Organic materials used in OLEDs have a unique advantage of emitting light at the molecular level, which facilitates miniaturization, although manufacturing small-scale OLEDs has faced technical challenges due to incompatibility with traditional micro-nano processing techniques [2]. - The new technology addresses these challenges by enabling direct nano-patterning on organic materials, significantly improving production efficiency and reducing manufacturing time for each device [3]. Group 3: Future Implications - The successful implementation of this technology not only paves the way for the miniaturization of OLED technology but also provides a viable solution for high-resolution displays, optical communication, laser light sources, and integrated photonics [3]. - This innovative approach lays the foundation for the scalable production of nano-scale OLEDs and presents new opportunities for advancing optical electronic devices beyond the diffraction limit [5].