Group 1 - The 2025 Shaw Prize ceremony was held on October 21 in Hong Kong, awarding four scientists in the fields of astronomy, life sciences and medicine, and mathematical sciences, with each prize amounting to 1.2 million USD [1][2] - Hong Kong's Chief Executive, John Lee, praised the winners for their significant contributions to science and civilization, emphasizing the government's commitment to major investments in innovation and technology [1] - The Shaw Prize aims to promote the pursuit of education and knowledge through science and research, aligning with the core policies of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region government [1] Group 2 - The Shaw Prize in Astronomy was awarded to John Richard Bond and George Efstathiou for their pioneering work in cosmology, particularly in the study of cosmic microwave background radiation fluctuations, which helped determine the age, geometric structure, and energy content of the universe [2] - The Life Sciences and Medicine Prize was awarded to Wolfgang Baumeister for his groundbreaking development and application of cryo-electron tomography, which allows for the visualization of biological samples in their natural cellular environment [2] - The Mathematical Sciences Prize was awarded to Kenji Fukaya for his pioneering work in symplectic geometry, particularly for foreseeing the existence of what is now known as Fukaya categories [2]

Core Viewpoint - The Shaw Prize Foundation announced the winners of the 2025 Shaw Prize, awarding four scientists in the fields of astronomy, life sciences and medicine, and mathematical sciences, with each prize amounting to 1.2 million USD [1][2]. Group 1: Astronomy - The Shaw Prize in Astronomy was awarded to John Richard Bond from the Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics and George Efstathiou from the University of Cambridge for their groundbreaking work in cosmology, particularly their research on cosmic microwave background radiation fluctuations, which accurately determined the age, geometric structure, and energy content of the universe [1]. Group 2: Life Sciences and Medicine - The Shaw Prize in Life Sciences and Medicine was awarded to Wolfgang Baumeister, the former director of the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, for his pioneering development and application of cryo-electron tomography, which allows for the visualization of biological samples such as proteins, macromolecular complexes, and intercellular spaces in their natural cellular environment [1]. Group 3: Mathematical Sciences - The Shaw Prize in Mathematical Sciences was awarded to Kenji Fukaya, a professor at the Beijing Yanqi Lake Applied Mathematics Research Institute and Tsinghua University, for his groundbreaking work in symplectic geometry, particularly for foreseeing the existence of what is now known as Fukaya categories, which consist of Lagrangian submanifolds on symplectic manifolds [2].