钱随人走转移支付制度

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新闻周刊|“流动”的公共服务
Yang Shi Wang· 2025-06-14 20:50
Core Viewpoint - The recent policy document from the Central Committee and State Council aims to address urgent public concerns regarding social security and public services for the large floating population in China, which numbers approximately 376 million [1][5][13]. Group 1: Policy Changes - The policy emphasizes the removal of household registration restrictions for social insurance participation in employment locations, allowing for more equitable access to social services [5][7]. - The document outlines ten specific measures to improve living conditions and public services for the floating population, referred to as the "Ten Measures for People's Livelihood" [1][5]. - By 2035, the goal is to achieve equal access to basic public services for all residents, regardless of their household registration status [7][19]. Group 2: Social Security and Employment - The policy aims to integrate flexible employment workers and migrant workers into the local social security systems, addressing their previous exclusion due to household registration barriers [5][12]. - A case study of a delivery worker in Wuhan illustrates the successful implementation of local social security participation following the removal of registration restrictions, highlighting the practical impact of the policy [3][7]. Group 3: Housing and Education - The policy includes provisions for housing and education, such as allowing flexible employment workers to participate in housing fund systems and increasing the supply of affordable housing [7][12]. - Local initiatives, such as in Shenzhen, have begun to offer affordable rental housing to non-local residents who meet certain criteria, reflecting a shift towards inclusivity in housing policies [10][12]. - The "Same City, Shared Learning" policy in Deqing County ensures that migrant children can enroll in local schools, addressing educational access for the children of migrant workers [15][17]. Group 4: Implementation and Future Outlook - The National Development and Reform Commission has indicated that 62 out of 81 basic public service items are now provided based on residency rather than household registration, with ongoing efforts to address the remaining items [7][13]. - The next decade is identified as a critical period for advancing the equalization of basic public services, with a focus on both institutional improvements and resource balancing [19].