Group 1 - The global lead-acid battery market is steadily expanding, with a projected market size of $54.924 billion in 2024, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 10.5%, the highest growth rate in recent years [1] - The lead-acid battery industry is characterized by its low price, mature technology, excellent performance in high and low temperatures, reliability, and high safety, maintaining a significant market position globally [1] - The downstream demand for lead-acid batteries is primarily influenced by the automotive, electric vehicle, communication, and power sectors, with the starting power application market accounting for over 70% of the global lead-acid battery market in 2023 [5] Group 2 - The competitive landscape of the global lead-acid battery industry is highly concentrated, with Clarios holding a market share of 24%, followed by Exide and Yuasa at 10% each, resulting in a CR3 of 44% and a CR10 of 76% [2] - The lead-acid battery industry in China is currently in a mature stage, characterized by a slowdown in growth after a period of rapid expansion, with high entry barriers and a decreasing number of non-compliant manufacturers [7]