试点成效显著，群众需求旺盛，长护险为何"试而不定"？ 首都经贸大学农村保险研究所副所长李文中在接受《金融时报》记者采访时表示，长护险"试而不定"的 原因可能有四点。一是各地试点制度不一致，增加了统一的难度与成本。制度不一致主要表现为覆盖范 围不一致、筹资模式不一致和管理机制不一致。 自2016年6月我国启动长期护理保险（以下简称"长护险"）试点以来，已历时九年。这项旨在为失能老 人提供护理保障的社会保险制度，于2020年扩大试点城市范围，至今已经扩展到全国49个城市。数据显 示，目前，已有超过1.8亿人参保，累计超过260万人享受机构护理、居家上门护理、亲属照护等不同形 式的长期护理服务。 尽管成效显著，但长护险在试点九年后仍未能实现全国推广，是资金筹措困难还是制度设计存在缺陷？ 是地区差异难以协调还是社会认知尚未统一？《金融时报》记者进行了多方采访。 试点九年 切实减轻失能人员家庭负担 长护险的设立初衷是为了应对我国日益严峻的人口老龄化挑战。截至2024年底，我国60岁及以上老年人 口达3.1亿人，占全国总人口的22.0%。其中65岁及以上人口2.2亿人，占全国人口的15.6%。人口老龄 化、高龄化程度加深 ...

Core Viewpoint - The long-term care insurance (LTCI) system, although not yet implemented nationwide, is anticipated to be rolled out across various regions due to the increasing aging population and the pressing need for care for disabled elderly individuals [1][2]. Group 1: Current Status and Progress - The LTCI system was initiated in 2016 and expanded to 49 cities by 2020, with coverage expected to reach 180 million people by the end of 2024, benefiting over 2.6 million disabled insured individuals and resulting in fund expenditures exceeding 80 billion yuan [1]. - The program has created approximately 300,000 jobs and attracted around 60 billion yuan in social capital investment [1]. Group 2: Challenges and Fragmentation - The LTCI system has faced challenges in nationwide implementation due to the "trial first" approach, leading to fragmentation in funding models, assessment standards, and coverage [2][3]. - Currently, over ten pilot cities only cover employees, excluding urban and rural residents, and there are six funding channels with 14 funding models, resulting in unclear funding responsibilities [3]. Group 3: Policy Recommendations for Nationwide Implementation - Key preparations for nationwide rollout include establishing a scientific top-level design that clarifies funding, benefits, and services, as well as fostering a coordinated approach among various government departments [4][5]. - There is a need to develop the care market by professionalizing caregivers and standardizing service institutions, while ensuring the integration of new and existing social security policies to avoid further fragmentation [4][5].