Core Viewpoint - The Thai military confirms the use of cluster munitions in military operations, stating it is based on tactical needs to enhance strike efficiency against military targets, and emphasizes that these munitions do not pose long-term risks to civilians [1] Group 1 - The Thai military spokesperson addressed accusations from Cambodia regarding the use of cluster munitions, asserting that their use is tactical and aimed at military objectives [1] - Cluster munitions are designed to release multiple sub-munitions that explode in succession after the main warhead hits the target [1] - The Thai military clarifies that these munitions are not classified as "anti-personnel landmines" and do not leave long-term hazards for civilians post-use [1] Group 2 - Thailand is not a signatory to the Convention on Cluster Munitions, which prohibits the use, production, and stockpiling of such munitions, thus the convention does not bind Thailand [1] - The military reiterates adherence to the principle of proportionality in all military actions, ensuring that cluster munitions are only used to enhance the effectiveness of strikes against military targets and not against non-military targets [1]

Group 1 - The article reports that a Russian airstrike on the Ukrainian city of Odesa resulted in 2 fatalities and damage to port infrastructure [1] - The attack utilized ballistic missiles equipped with cluster munitions [1]

Core Viewpoint - Iran has reportedly used cluster munitions for the first time in the ongoing conflict with Israel, aiming to increase civilian casualties [1] Summary by Relevant Sections Military Actions - The Israeli military and its embassy in Washington stated that Iran launched a missile that dispersed small bombs, marking the first reported use of cluster munitions in the seven-day war [1] - The missile's warhead detonated at an altitude of approximately 4 miles (7 kilometers), releasing around 20 munitions over a radius of about 5 miles (8 kilometers) in central Israel [1] Impact on Civilians - A small bomb from the cluster munitions reportedly struck a house in the Israeli town of Azor, causing some damage, but there have been no reports of casualties from the explosion [1] - The use of cluster bombs is controversial due to their indiscriminate nature, as some submunitions may fail to detonate and pose risks to civilians long after the conflict has ended [1]