Core Viewpoint - The launch of the 2025 National Food Safety Publicity Week emphasizes the importance of food safety, with a focus on combating food adulteration and illegal additives through public engagement and innovative testing methods [1]. Group 1: Food Safety Initiatives - The State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) has introduced a "challenge list" to solicit public input on food testing methods, particularly targeting adulterated meat and cooking oils [2][5]. - The initiative aims to enhance food safety by encouraging interdisciplinary collaboration in developing effective testing methods [2][5]. Group 2: Challenges in Meat Testing - The detection of adulterated meat faces three major technical challenges: variability in fat and protein content across different meat types, the impact of processing methods on protein integrity, and interference from other ingredients [3][4]. - Examples of adulteration include mixing duck meat with lamb and soybean oil with peanut oil, highlighting the need for reliable testing standards [2][3]. Group 3: Challenges in Oil Testing - Detecting adulteration in edible oils is complicated by the similarity in fatty acid profiles among different oils, making it difficult to determine the types and proportions of oils mixed [4][5]. - The processing methods for oils, such as refining and extraction, can alter their characteristic properties, further complicating accurate testing [4]. Group 4: Transgenic Oil Detection Issues - The detection of transgenic components in edible oils faces three significant technical bottlenecks, including the low residual levels of transgenic material after processing and the difficulty in developing standard reference materials [5]. - Current detection methods, such as PCR, are hindered by the complex composition of oils, necessitating the development of more efficient DNA extraction techniques [5].