Core Viewpoint - The snow leopard, a flagship species of the Tibetan Plateau, plays a crucial role in the ecosystem and is a key indicator of environmental health, with its conservation linked to broader ecological cooperation along the Belt and Road Initiative [1][8]. Group 1: Adaptation and Ecological Role - The snow leopard has evolved unique adaptations for high-altitude environments, including thick fur, a long tail for balance, and efficient oxygen transport in its blood, which are essential for survival in harsh conditions [2]. - Research indicates that the snow leopard does not have a significant regulatory effect on the food chain, challenging the traditional view of top predators controlling ecosystems. Instead, the ecosystem dynamics in the Sanjiangyuan region appear to be more complex and less dependent on a single species [3][4]. Group 2: Population Monitoring and Research Methods - A large-scale population survey in the Sanjiangyuan region estimated the snow leopard population to be around 1,002 individuals, utilizing infrared cameras and AI-assisted pattern recognition for effective monitoring [6][5]. - The methodology employed for snow leopard identification can serve as a model for monitoring other elusive species, highlighting the importance of technology in wildlife conservation [5]. Group 3: Habitat Fragmentation and Conservation Strategies - Habitat fragmentation poses a significant threat to snow leopards, exacerbated by human activities such as agriculture and infrastructure development, which can isolate populations and reduce genetic diversity [7]. - China's establishment of a new nature reserve system, including national parks and ecological corridors, aims to mitigate habitat fragmentation and can be adapted for other endangered species [7]. Group 4: International Cooperation and Ecological Significance - The snow leopard's habitat spans multiple countries, making its conservation a focal point for international ecological cooperation, particularly within the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative [8]. - The "Bishkek Declaration" and subsequent international agreements emphasize collaborative efforts among snow leopard range countries to enhance conservation strategies and promote ecological integrity [8].