Core Insights - Alcoa Corporation and Arafura Rare Earths have emerged as significant beneficiaries of the US$8.5 billion framework agreement on critical minerals and rare earths between Australia and the United States [1][3] Company Performance - Arafura Rare Earths shares increased by 15% to approximately AUD 0.55, reflecting a strong market response to the agreement [3][4] - Alcoa Corporation's shares rose by 8% to AUD 60.01, indicating positive investor sentiment following the announcement [3][5] Government Support - The Australian government is set to allocate US$2 billion towards critical minerals projects, with a portion directed to Alcoa's plans for a gallium plant in Western Australia [5] - Arafura is expected to receive US$100 million to enhance its Nolans project in the Northern Territory, showcasing the financial backing for rare earths development [4][5] Market Reaction - Both companies quickly became the top performers on the ASX, with heightened discussions on platforms like HotCopper, indicating strong investor interest [4][5]