Core Concept - NVIDIA's CEO Jensen Huang introduced the idea of "extreme co-design," which is a comprehensive method for optimizing the entire software stack, including architectures, chips, systems, system software, algorithms, and applications [1]. Group 1: Workload Distribution and Architecture - Huang highlighted the significance of distributing workloads to fully leverage the advantages of increasing computer numbers [2]. - He stressed that a company's architecture and organization should align with its intended output [2]. Group 2: Leadership Style - At NVIDIA, Huang's leadership avoids one-on-one meetings with his 60 direct reports, promoting collaborative problem-solving across various components such as memory, CPUs, GPUs, optics, cooling, and networking [3]. - Huang stated that the team collectively addresses problems, emphasizing a collaborative approach [3]. Group 3: Comparison with Other Leaders - Huang's leadership style is similar to that of Mark Zuckerberg at Meta Platforms, both preferring small teams and self-management without regular one-on-one meetings [4]. - Zuckerberg manages a small team of 25-30 people and advocates for a non-hierarchical structure [4]. Group 4: AI in Management - The trend of using AI in management is on the rise, with Zuckerberg reportedly developing a personal AI agent to assist with executive responsibilities, indicating a shift towards AI-assisted leadership [5].

As AI evolves toward real-time reasoning, every part of the system is stressed all at once, from compute, memory, networking, storage, and even software. This new generation of AI requires extreme co-design: engineering the entire stack as a single system, in fact, across the entire data center. This shift is especially clear for state-of-the-art mixture-of-expert models like DeepSeek-R1, Kimi K2 Thinking, and gpt-oss.Reasoning, MoE models generate a ton of tokens, creating higher-quality answers for users ...