Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the development of a new oral medication, ATR-258, which shows similar blood sugar regulation and weight loss effects as injectable GLP-1 receptor agonists, without the common side effects associated with GLP-1 drugs [2][3][15]. Group 1: Drug Development and Mechanism - ATR-258 is a β2 adrenergic receptor agonist that activates skeletal muscle metabolism positively, improving metabolic health without reducing muscle mass [3][6]. - The research utilized ligand-based virtual screening and chemical evolution techniques to develop a selective agonist that couples with G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRK) [8][12]. - ATR-258 demonstrates lower cardiac side effects compared to standard β2 receptor agonists and lower muscle side effects compared to GLP-1 receptor agonists like liraglutide [12][15]. Group 2: Clinical Trials and Future Prospects - A Phase 1 clinical trial involving 48 healthy subjects and 25 type 2 diabetes patients showed that ATR-258 has good pharmacokinetic properties and tolerability [13]. - Atrogi AB plans to conduct a larger Phase 2 clinical trial to observe the positive effects seen in preclinical animal models in human patients with type 2 diabetes or obesity [16].