Economic Data Comparison - The core economic indicator for both China and the U.S. is GDP, with different statistical methods: China primarily uses the production approach, while the U.S. relies on the expenditure approach[1] - China's GDP data is mainly sourced from the National Bureau of Statistics, while the U.S. data comes from multiple agencies, including the Department of Commerce and the Bureau of Labor Statistics[2] Statistical System Differences - China's statistical system is centralized, with a unified leadership structure, while the U.S. employs a decentralized system involving over 70 federal agencies[3] - In the U.S., the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) is responsible for GDP calculations, which include comprehensive data, direct indicators, and trend-based data[4] GDP Calculation Methods - China's quarterly GDP is often estimated using related indicators, while annual GDP is calculated using production or income methods[5] - The U.S. GDP is published quarterly, with initial estimates released 30 days after the quarter ends, followed by two revisions[6] Monthly Economic Data - The U.S. releases key economic data monthly, including employment figures and consumer spending, while China’s data is more production-oriented[7] - Important monthly indicators in the U.S. include PMI, manufacturing orders, and trade data, which are released at different times throughout the month[8] Data Source and Reliability - China's GDP data relies heavily on statistical surveys and administrative records, while the U.S. incorporates a mix of official and non-official data sources, including private sector reports[9] - The differences in data collection methods lead to variations in the interpretation and application of economic indicators between the two countries[10]