Tariff Impact on Global Supply Chains

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高盛:美国关税影响追踪 - 中国趋势显示集装箱费率飙升及船舶数量增加
Goldman Sachs· 2025-06-10 02:16
Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly state an investment rating for the transportation industry or specific companies within it. Core Insights - There has been a notable uptick in inbound freight from China to the US, with container rates from China/Asia to the West Coast surging by 94% due to tightened supply and demand conditions [1][10][37] - The ongoing uncertainty regarding tariffs and their impact on shipping plans for the upcoming peak seasons creates challenges for shippers [2][7] - The report suggests that if consumer demand remains strong, the anticipated surge in freight may not fully meet the needs of retailers during peak seasons [2] Summary by Sections Freight Flow Trends - Laden vessels from China to the US increased by 9% week-over-week, with a year-over-year decline of 25%, showing signs of recovery [4][15] - Port Optimizer data indicates a projected 26% increase in expected imports into the Port of Los Angeles in the coming weeks [4][41] - Overall throughput at Chinese ports remains solid, up 11% year-over-year, indicating resilience in trade patterns despite tariff impacts [4][30] Tariff Impact and Future Scenarios - The report outlines two potential scenarios for 2025: a pull-forward surge ahead of a tariff pause or a slowdown in orders due to uncertainty [7][14] - Analysts lean towards the first scenario, suggesting a potential surge in freight demand if consumer spending remains robust [8][14] - The report highlights the challenges posed by high tariffs and the end of de-minimis exemptions for e-commerce, which could dampen demand [9][10] Stock Recommendations - Freight forwarders such as EXPD and CHRW are expected to benefit from increased volatility and potential surges in freight demand during the tariff pause [12][14] - Parcel companies like UPS and FedEx are also positioned to gain from increased air freight demand, particularly if imports spike [12][14] - The report notes that intermodal traffic has declined by 3% year-over-year, reflecting ongoing challenges in the supply chain [10][47] Container Rates and Shipping Dynamics - Container rates have seen a significant increase of 94% due to heightened demand for shipping capacity during the tariff pause [10][37] - Despite recent increases, year-over-year comparisons for ocean rates remain challenging, with rates down 9% compared to the previous year [12][14] - Planned TEUs into the Port of Los Angeles rose by 45% sequentially, indicating a potential recovery in shipping activity [41][44]
高盛:推出美国关税影响追踪器 —— 高频趋势及我们对 2025 年的贸易情景分析
Goldman Sachs· 2025-05-06 02:43
Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the transportation industry but discusses various scenarios impacting trade volumes and earnings for 2025, indicating a cautious outlook [2][3]. Core Insights - The report introduces a US Tariff Impact Tracker to assess the ongoing effects of tariffs on global supply chains and freight flow, with a focus on high-frequency data [1]. - It outlines two primary scenarios for 2025: continued pull forward of shipments ahead of a 90-day tariff pause and a potential pause in customer orders due to uncertainty [2]. - The report suggests that trade flows from non-China Asia may remain stable as shippers adjust supply chains, while shipments from China to the US are expected to decline significantly [3]. - UPS anticipates a 25% decrease in China to US business in the second quarter, with overall international revenues projected to decline by only 2% year-over-year [3]. High Frequency Data Summary - Laden container vessels from China to the US have decreased by 23.3% year-over-year on average over the last week, following a previous increase of 22% [6]. - TEUs (Twenty-foot Equivalent Units) from China to the US have dropped by 26% year-over-year on average over the last week, down from a previous increase of 14% [11]. - Planned TEUs into the Port of Los Angeles decreased by 18% year-over-year, with forecasts indicating a further decline of 35% year-over-year in the following week [21]. Trade Volume Trends - The report notes that intermodal traffic on the West Coast increased by 5% on average in week 17, indicating that front-loaded traffic is still impacting volumes [27]. - The Logistics Managers Index shows upstream inventory expansion slowing down, while downstream inventories are expanding at a faster pace, possibly in anticipation of tariffs [47]. - The report highlights that the balance of trade volumes and earnings for the transportation sector remains uncertain, with potential scenarios ranging from a surge in orders to a continued decline [7].