Core Insights - The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) has successfully passed process acceptance and is set to begin trial operations by the end of the year, marking a significant advancement in China's synchrotron radiation capabilities [1][18] - HEPS is the first fourth-generation synchrotron radiation source in China and Asia, designed to provide unprecedented brightness and energy levels for advanced scientific research [6][14] Technical Features - HEPS generates X-rays with a wavelength between 0.01 to 100 angstroms, making it ideal for probing the microstructure of materials [3][4] - The energy of the electron beam in HEPS reaches 6 GeV, enabling the production of hard X-rays with energies up to 300 keV, crucial for analyzing internal defects in large samples [4][15] - The brightness of HEPS is 10 trillion times that of conventional X-ray machines and 1 trillion times that of the sun, significantly enhancing signal-to-noise ratios and detection precision [5][18] Technological Innovations - The design of HEPS incorporates a "three-stage rocket" structure with three independent accelerators, achieving a low electron emittance of approximately 35 pm·rad, which is among the best in the world [6][9] - HEPS employs innovative techniques to achieve ultra-low emittance, enhancing the quality of the electron beam and, consequently, the brightness of the X-ray output [9][10] Research and Development - A decade-long effort has led to the development of domestic X-ray detectors, overcoming reliance on foreign technology and significantly reducing costs [11][12] - The new detectors feature high dynamic range and fast imaging capabilities, with the ability to capture over 1000 images per second, surpassing international standards [12][13] Applications and Impact - HEPS will support groundbreaking research in various fields, including life sciences, materials science, and industrial innovation, providing nanometer-level spatial resolution and picosecond-level time resolution [14][15] - The facility is expected to save significant research costs, with estimates suggesting savings of hundreds of millions of RMB through the use of domestically developed detector systems [18][20] - HEPS will enhance China's capabilities in energy, environment, biomedical research, and new materials, fostering deep integration of technological and industrial innovation [18][20]