Vitalik Buterin said that modexp (the modular exponentiation precompile) is currently the most ZK-EVM-unfriendly component, being up to 50 times more complex than average blocks. He suggested introducing a new EIP to replace it with computationally equivalent EVM code, even if this increases gas costs. Vitalik noted that modexp is mainly used for RSA encryption and signing, which can instead be handled through SNARK-based solutions.https://t.co/3e5niUC9uk ...

Modexp seems to be by far the worst offender in terms of ZK-EVM prover-unfriendliness; up to 50x worse than average blocks.We really should do an EIP to replace the precompile with computationally equivalent EVM code (which would cost more gas)Very few apps need modexp (it's basically RSA encryption/signing), and those that do can wrap it in a SNARK. ...

Ethereum Ecosystem Contributions - Polygon hosts Polymarket, a successful "not just boring finance" application, demonstrating valuable use cases beyond traditional finance [1] - Polygon has supported various applications requiring high scalability within the Ethereum ecosystem [1] - Polygon invested significantly in ZK-EVM proving technology early on, contributing to the advancement of the field [2] - Polygon has developed infrastructure for proof aggregation (AggLayer) and other technologies [2] Philanthropic Efforts - Sandeep Nailwal contributed personally to CryptoRelief_, supporting biomedical infrastructure and research in India [2] - Sandeep Nailwal voluntarily returned $190 million from SHIB tokens, enabling the Balvi open-source anti-airborne-disease biotech program [3] - CZ (Binance) donated $10 million in BNB to support the Balvi program, with additional ~$20 million contributed personally [3] ZK Technology and L2 Landscape - The market structure has evolved, with L2 teams and ZK teams becoming separate entities, potentially more efficient than in-house development [5] - The author hopes Polygon can adopt readily available ZK technology for its PoS chain to achieve full security guarantees from the Ethereum L1 [6] - ZK technology has improved significantly, with proving costs around $0.0001 per transaction, challenging the perception of ZK being unviable for hyperscale applications [6]

Technology & Protocol - GKR 协议是一系列能够实现极速证明系统的协议 [1] - GKR 协议是快速 ZK-EVM 和 zk-ML 证明的核心协议 [1] - GKR 协议针对具有多个低阶层和许多重复函数应用（例如哈希和神经网络）的计算进行了优化 [1] - GKR 协议只需要对输入和输出进行承诺，而不需要中间层，大大提高了效率 [1]

Excited to see @brevis_zk's Pico Prism entering the ZK-EVM proving arena!An important step forward in ZK-EVM proving speed and diversity.Brevis (@brevis_zk):Announcing Pico Prism, the state-of-the-art zkVM for Ethereum real-time proving. 99.6% of blocks proven under 12 seconds, 6.9s average with 64 RTX 5090 GPUs.This marks a major step toward scaling Ethereum by 100x and a future where you can validate the chain from a phone. https://t.co/nroP8A8Q9H ...