Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the "golden nail" in Guizhou, China, represents a significant advancement in global geological standards, providing a precise reference point for defining geological time scales and enhancing China's influence in earth sciences [3][4][12]. Group 1: Definition and Importance of "Golden Nails" - "Golden nails" are not literal nails but refer to globally recognized geological markers that define the boundaries of geological time units, serving as a standard for stratigraphic classification [4]. - The concept of "golden nails" addresses the historical lack of a unified standard for geological time scales, which has led to significant discrepancies in stratigraphic classification across different countries [4][6]. Group 2: The Significance of the Guizhou "Golden Nail" - The "golden nail" in Guizhou, set to be established in June 2025, is the 69th globally and the 11th in China, recognized for its exceptional geological and paleontological conditions [6][9]. - The site in Guizhou was selected due to its rich fossil record, accessibility, and long-term research conducted by local experts, meeting the stringent criteria set by the International Stratigraphic Commission [6][7]. Group 3: Geological Insights from the "Golden Nail" - The Guizhou "golden nail" will help define the Cambrian period's third system and fifth stage by identifying the first appearance of specific trilobite fossils, which are crucial for understanding geological events from 506 million years ago [9][10]. - The site provides vital evidence for the Cambrian explosion, a significant evolutionary event characterized by a rapid increase in biodiversity [10]. Group 4: Implications for China's Geological Research - The establishment of 11 "golden nails" in China underscores the country's growing capabilities in geological research and its enhanced standing in the global scientific community [12]. - Protecting these geological sites is essential, as they face threats from natural erosion, geological hazards, and human activities, necessitating a collaborative effort for their preservation [12].