Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the "golden nail" in Guizhou, China, represents a significant advancement in global geological standards, providing a precise reference point for defining geological time scales and enhancing China's influence in earth sciences [3][4][12]. Group 1: Definition and Importance of "Golden Nails" - "Golden nails" are not literal nails but refer to globally recognized geological markers that define the boundaries of geological time units, serving as a standard for stratigraphic classification [4]. - The concept of "golden nails" addresses the historical lack of a unified standard for geological time scales, which has led to significant discrepancies in stratigraphic classification across different countries [4][6]. Group 2: The Significance of the Guizhou "Golden Nail" - The "golden nail" in Guizhou, set to be established in June 2025, is the 69th globally and the 11th in China, recognized for its exceptional geological and paleontological conditions [6][9]. - The site in Guizhou was selected due to its rich fossil record, accessibility, and long-term research conducted by local experts, meeting the stringent criteria set by the International Stratigraphic Commission [6][7]. Group 3: Geological Insights from the "Golden Nail" - The Guizhou "golden nail" will help define the Cambrian period's third system and fifth stage by identifying the first appearance of specific trilobite fossils, which are crucial for understanding geological events from 506 million years ago [9][10]. - The site provides vital evidence for the Cambrian explosion, a significant evolutionary event characterized by a rapid increase in biodiversity [10]. Group 4: Implications for China's Geological Research - The establishment of 11 "golden nails" in China underscores the country's growing capabilities in geological research and its enhanced standing in the global scientific community [12]. - Protecting these geological sites is essential, as they face threats from natural erosion, geological hazards, and human activities, necessitating a collaborative effort for their preservation [12].

Core Points - The establishment of the "golden nail" in Jianhe, Guizhou, marks a significant milestone in global geological history, serving as a key reference point for Cambrian stratigraphy [1][5] - The "golden nail" is recognized as a vital international standard for defining geological time units, with its number reflecting a country's geological research capabilities [4][6] - The recent international conference in Jianhe focused on the scientific protection and sustainable utilization of this geological heritage, highlighting the need for a "Chinese solution" to global geological preservation [1][8] Geological Significance - The "golden nail" serves as a geological benchmark, akin to a gold medal in the Olympics, representing a country's comprehensive strength in geological research [4] - The successful establishment of the Jianhe "golden nail" provides an ideal reference point for global stratigraphic comparison during the Middle Cambrian period [6][8] - China currently holds 11 "golden nails," ranking among the top globally, with each representing invaluable geological heritage [6][8] Challenges in Protection - The protection of "golden nails" faces numerous challenges, including natural weathering, geological disasters, and insufficient public awareness [9][11] - The lack of strong legal frameworks for the protection of "golden nails" means that their preservation largely depends on local government initiatives and public interest [15][16] - The conflict between local economic development and the protection of "golden nails" raises critical questions about prioritization and resource allocation [10][19] Innovative Protection Mechanisms - Guizhou has pioneered a judicial protection mechanism for the "golden nail," establishing a legal framework to prevent unauthorized excavation and damage [15][16] - The implementation of a "judicial protection order" aims to safeguard the ecological environment and restrict harmful activities in the vicinity of "golden nails" [16] - Local governments are encouraged to develop tourism around "golden nails," creating a sustainable model that supports both protection and economic development [19][20] Balancing Protection and Utilization - The challenge lies in finding a balance between strict protection and reasonable utilization of "golden nails" to ensure their scientific and economic value [18][19] - Successful models in China have integrated "golden nails" into tourism, enhancing public engagement and generating funds for their protection [20] - The Jianhe "golden nail" aims to become a renowned research and educational site, promoting both scientific inquiry and ecological tourism [20]