Core Viewpoint - The newly revised Infectious Disease Prevention Law, effective from September 1, aims to enhance public health safety and improve the monitoring and treatment of infectious diseases in China [1] Group 1: Strengthening Infectious Disease Monitoring and Early Warning - The infectious disease network reporting system in China now covers 84,000 medical institutions, making it the largest in the world [2] - The new law mandates the establishment of monitoring points for key infectious diseases and those of unknown causes, expanding the range of symptom monitoring [2] - By 2030, China plans to develop a rapid-response, scientifically efficient infectious disease monitoring and early warning system [2] - The law specifies a 2-hour reporting requirement for newly identified or unexplained infectious diseases, with a focus on timely verification and escalation [2] - Smart monitoring software is being installed in secondary and higher-level medical institutions to enhance reporting efficiency [2] Group 2: Establishing a Comprehensive Medical Treatment System - The new law requires the establishment of a comprehensive medical treatment system for major infectious disease outbreaks, involving specialized hospitals, general hospitals, and grassroots medical institutions [3] - There is an emphasis on supporting scientific research and innovation in the development of drugs and medical devices for infectious disease prevention and treatment [3] - The law enforces a national immunization program, providing free vaccines to residents, and aims to optimize the types and schedules of vaccines offered [3] Group 3: Emergency Response Planning for Unknown Infectious Diseases - The revised law mandates the creation of emergency response plans for key infectious diseases and those of unknown causes by relevant government departments [4] - Regular drills for infectious disease emergency response will be organized to ensure preparedness [5] - The law emphasizes the balance between controlling disease spread and protecting citizens' rights, ensuring that preventive measures are proportionate to the severity of outbreaks [5] - It encourages public participation in disease prevention efforts and promotes good hygiene practices among citizens [5]