新华社北京9月23日电 题：智慧监测、科学救治：传染病防治新法新在哪？ 新华社记者徐鹏航、顾天成 传染病防治工作事关公共卫生安全，事关守护人民健康。今年9月1日起，新修订的《中华人民共和 国传染病防治法》正式实施。 新法有哪些新看点？下一步建强防治体系怎么做？国家疾控局23日召开新闻发布会，进行相关解 读。 加强传染病监测预警 监测预警和疫情报告是防范化解重大疫情风险的关键所在。发布会公布数据显示，目前，我国传染 病网络直报系统已覆盖8.4万家医疗卫生机构，是全球规模最大的传染病报告系统。 新法要求，建立重点传染病以及原因不明的传染病监测哨点，拓展传染病症状监测范围；建立智慧 化多点触发机制，增强监测的敏感性和准确性。 下一步，国家疾控局将修订传染病报告规则和传染病信息报告管理规范，建立传染病报告激励机 制，推动建设法定报告和主动监测相结合的监测报告模式。 建立健全重大传染病疫情医疗救治体系 传染病医疗救治，是疫情处置的"生命防线"。国家卫生健康委法规司副司长、一级巡视员龚向光介 绍，新法要求，建立健全重大传染病疫情医疗救治体系，建立由传染病专科医院、综合医院、中医医 院、院前急救机构、临时性救治场所、基层医 ...

Group 1 - The infection rates of echinococcosis in cattle and sheep, as well as the positive rate of dog feces, have significantly decreased [1] - The individual positive rate of brucellosis in livestock has dropped by 43.18% compared to its peak in 2021 [1] - The intelligent customs clearance system at Caojiabao Airport has reduced passenger quarantine time by 40% [1] Group 2 - The main acute infectious diseases currently prevalent in Qinghai include COVID-19, influenza, scarlet fever, mumps, hand-foot-mouth disease, and other infectious diarrhea [1] - Chronic infectious diseases in the region include tuberculosis, hepatitis B, syphilis, echinococcosis, and brucellosis [1] - Qinghai has established a three-level monitoring network covering breeding, slaughtering, transportation, trading, and harmless treatment of zoonotic diseases [2] Group 3 - The annual monitoring plan is developed by disease type, with an average of over 280,000 samples monitored each year [2] - The newly established harmful biological and alien species initial screening and identification laboratory at Xining Customs lays a technical foundation for biological safety detection at the national border [2] - The new intelligent passageway at Caojiabao Airport integrates multiple functions for efficient health monitoring and rapid customs clearance [2]

Core Points - The law aims to prevent, control, and eliminate infectious diseases, ensuring public health and safety while maintaining national security and social stability [2][3] - The law emphasizes the leadership of the Communist Party of China and prioritizes people's health and life, advocating for a preventive approach and scientific control measures [2][3] Chapter Summaries Chapter 1: General Principles - The law defines infectious diseases into three categories: Class A, Class B, and Class C, based on their severity and potential impact on public health and the economy [3][4] - Class A diseases require strict management due to their severe threat, while Class B and C diseases require varying levels of control and monitoring [3][4] Chapter 2: Prevention - Local governments are responsible for improving public health facilities and managing environmental health to enhance overall community health [20][21] - The government provides free vaccines under the national immunization program, ensuring timely vaccination for children [21] Chapter 3: Monitoring, Reporting, and Early Warning - A robust infectious disease monitoring system is established, requiring timely reporting of cases by healthcare institutions [32][35] - The law mandates a cross-departmental information-sharing mechanism to enhance the response to infectious disease outbreaks [34][56] Chapter 4: Epidemic Control - Immediate measures must be taken upon discovering Class A infectious diseases, including isolation and medical observation of patients and their close contacts [46] - Local governments can implement emergency measures during significant outbreaks, such as restricting gatherings and closing affected areas [63][64] Chapter 5: Medical Treatment - Medical institutions are required to follow strict protocols for the treatment and management of infectious diseases, ensuring safety and compliance with health regulations [47][71] Chapter 6: Support Measures - The law encourages scientific research and the use of modern technology in infectious disease prevention and control [11][12] - It promotes public participation in health education and disease prevention activities [18][19] Chapter 7: Supervision and Management - The law establishes a framework for the supervision and management of infectious disease control efforts at various government levels [6][9] - It emphasizes the importance of collaboration among different governmental departments and agencies in managing public health [6][9] Chapter 8: Legal Responsibilities - Individuals and organizations are prohibited from discriminating against patients and must comply with health measures to prevent disease spread [14][29] - The law outlines penalties for non-compliance with reporting and control measures [40][41] Chapter 9: Supplementary Provisions - The law supports international cooperation in infectious disease prevention and control [18] - It recognizes the contributions of individuals and organizations in public health efforts and provides for rewards and recognition [18][19]