Core Viewpoint - The newly revised Infectious Disease Prevention Law, effective from September 1, aims to enhance public health safety and improve the monitoring and treatment of infectious diseases in China [1] Group 1: Strengthening Infectious Disease Monitoring and Early Warning - The infectious disease network reporting system in China now covers 84,000 medical institutions, making it the largest in the world [2] - The new law mandates the establishment of monitoring points for key infectious diseases and those of unknown causes, expanding the range of symptom monitoring [2] - By 2030, China plans to develop a rapid-response, scientifically efficient infectious disease monitoring and early warning system [2] - The law specifies a 2-hour reporting requirement for newly identified or unexplained infectious diseases, with a focus on timely verification and escalation [2] - Smart monitoring software is being installed in secondary and higher-level medical institutions to enhance reporting efficiency [2] Group 2: Establishing a Comprehensive Medical Treatment System - The new law requires the establishment of a comprehensive medical treatment system for major infectious disease outbreaks, involving specialized hospitals, general hospitals, and grassroots medical institutions [3] - There is an emphasis on supporting scientific research and innovation in the development of drugs and medical devices for infectious disease prevention and treatment [3] - The law enforces a national immunization program, providing free vaccines to residents, and aims to optimize the types and schedules of vaccines offered [3] Group 3: Emergency Response Planning for Unknown Infectious Diseases - The revised law mandates the creation of emergency response plans for key infectious diseases and those of unknown causes by relevant government departments [4] - Regular drills for infectious disease emergency response will be organized to ensure preparedness [5] - The law emphasizes the balance between controlling disease spread and protecting citizens' rights, ensuring that preventive measures are proportionate to the severity of outbreaks [5] - It encourages public participation in disease prevention efforts and promotes good hygiene practices among citizens [5]

Group 1 - The infection rates of echinococcosis in cattle and sheep, as well as the positive rate of dog feces, have significantly decreased [1] - The individual positive rate of brucellosis in livestock has dropped by 43.18% compared to its peak in 2021 [1] - The intelligent customs clearance system at Caojiabao Airport has reduced passenger quarantine time by 40% [1] Group 2 - The main acute infectious diseases currently prevalent in Qinghai include COVID-19, influenza, scarlet fever, mumps, hand-foot-mouth disease, and other infectious diarrhea [1] - Chronic infectious diseases in the region include tuberculosis, hepatitis B, syphilis, echinococcosis, and brucellosis [1] - Qinghai has established a three-level monitoring network covering breeding, slaughtering, transportation, trading, and harmless treatment of zoonotic diseases [2] Group 3 - The annual monitoring plan is developed by disease type, with an average of over 280,000 samples monitored each year [2] - The newly established harmful biological and alien species initial screening and identification laboratory at Xining Customs lays a technical foundation for biological safety detection at the national border [2] - The new intelligent passageway at Caojiabao Airport integrates multiple functions for efficient health monitoring and rapid customs clearance [2]

Core Points - The law aims to prevent, control, and eliminate infectious diseases, ensuring public health and safety while maintaining national security and social stability [2][3] - The law emphasizes the leadership of the Communist Party of China and prioritizes people's health and life, advocating for a preventive approach and scientific control measures [2][3] Chapter Summaries Chapter 1: General Principles - The law defines infectious diseases into three categories: Class A, Class B, and Class C, based on their severity and potential impact on public health and the economy [3][4] - Class A diseases require strict management due to their severe threat, while Class B and C diseases require varying levels of control and monitoring [3][4] Chapter 2: Prevention - Local governments are responsible for improving public health facilities and managing environmental health to enhance overall community health [20][21] - The government provides free vaccines under the national immunization program, ensuring timely vaccination for children [21] Chapter 3: Monitoring, Reporting, and Early Warning - A robust infectious disease monitoring system is established, requiring timely reporting of cases by healthcare institutions [32][35] - The law mandates a cross-departmental information-sharing mechanism to enhance the response to infectious disease outbreaks [34][56] Chapter 4: Epidemic Control - Immediate measures must be taken upon discovering Class A infectious diseases, including isolation and medical observation of patients and their close contacts [46] - Local governments can implement emergency measures during significant outbreaks, such as restricting gatherings and closing affected areas [63][64] Chapter 5: Medical Treatment - Medical institutions are required to follow strict protocols for the treatment and management of infectious diseases, ensuring safety and compliance with health regulations [47][71] Chapter 6: Support Measures - The law encourages scientific research and the use of modern technology in infectious disease prevention and control [11][12] - It promotes public participation in health education and disease prevention activities [18][19] Chapter 7: Supervision and Management - The law establishes a framework for the supervision and management of infectious disease control efforts at various government levels [6][9] - It emphasizes the importance of collaboration among different governmental departments and agencies in managing public health [6][9] Chapter 8: Legal Responsibilities - Individuals and organizations are prohibited from discriminating against patients and must comply with health measures to prevent disease spread [14][29] - The law outlines penalties for non-compliance with reporting and control measures [40][41] Chapter 9: Supplementary Provisions - The law supports international cooperation in infectious disease prevention and control [18] - It recognizes the contributions of individuals and organizations in public health efforts and provides for rewards and recognition [18][19]