Core Insights - The article emphasizes that 90% of skin issues stem from a damaged skin barrier rather than mere dehydration, highlighting the importance of proper skincare routines [1][2]. Group 1: Skin Barrier Damage - The skin barrier, composed of a lipid layer, stratum corneum, and moisture, serves as the first line of defense against external stimuli. Factors such as temperature fluctuations, dry air, and UV exposure can weaken this barrier, leading to symptoms like dryness and redness [2]. - Improper skincare habits, such as using hot water, harsh cleansers, and frequent exfoliation, can exacerbate barrier damage [3][4]. - Scratching and the use of irritating skincare products can further harm the skin barrier [5]. Group 2: Symptoms Requiring Medical Attention - Signs of potential inflammation or skin disease include erythema (red patches), papules (small raised bumps), exudation (fluid discharge), and severe itching, which may disrupt sleep [6]. Group 3: Sensitive Skin Groups - Elderly individuals may experience thinner, drier skin with reduced barrier function, necessitating enhanced moisturizing [7]. - Infants require specialized moisturizing products due to their delicate skin [8]. - Adults may face skin issues due to genetic predispositions or poor habits, such as frequent scratching or inadequate post-cleansing moisturization [9]. - Individuals who over-care for their skin, such as through excessive cleansing or reliance on strong exfoliants, may inadvertently damage their skin barrier [10]. Group 4: Three-Step Skin Repair Method - The recommended skincare routine consists of cleansing, moisturizing, and sun protection. Gentle cleansing is advised to avoid over-intervention [12]. - Proper moisturizing involves distinguishing between hydration (adding moisture), water retention (preventing moisture loss), and overall moisturizing to maintain skin hydration [13]. - Different skin types should select appropriate products: creams for dry skin, lightweight formulations for oily skin, and a combination for mixed skin types [14][15][16]. Group 5: Expert Recommendations - Simplifying skincare routines to meet the basic functions of cleansing, moisturizing, and sun protection is encouraged, avoiding excessive layering of products [17]. - The order of application should follow a "thin to thick" principle, starting with toners and ending with sunscreen [19]. - Strict sun protection is crucial to prevent UV damage, which can silently harm the skin barrier [21]. Group 6: Sensitive Skin Care and Advanced Recommendations - For sensitive skin, it is vital to enhance moisturizing to repair the barrier and minimize external irritants, avoiding exfoliating products [23]. - In cases of mild discomfort, applying a thick layer of moisturizer can provide relief [24]. - Caution is advised with cosmetic procedures; treatments like hydrating injections should only be performed when the skin barrier is intact [25].