Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the challenges consumers face in protecting their rights when encountering issues with purchased products, emphasizing the importance of knowing the correct channels for complaints and resolutions [3][17]. Group 1: Consumer Complaint Channels - The first step for consumers is to contact the internal customer service of the merchant or platform, which is the most direct approach to resolve issues [4][6]. - For online shopping, consumers should apply for after-sales service through the order page, selecting relevant issues and providing evidence such as photos and chat records [5]. - In offline scenarios, consumers should speak directly to the store manager or responsible person to resolve issues on-site [6]. Group 2: Official Regulatory Platforms - If merchants are uncooperative or issues involve false advertising or contract violations, consumers should use official complaint channels [7]. - The most comprehensive platform is the National 12315 platform, which can be accessed via phone, app, or website [8][10]. - The 12315 platform is recognized for its authority and broad coverage, although it may have a longer processing time due to verification procedures [10]. Group 3: Third-Party Complaint Platforms - Many consumers opt for social complaint platforms, with the most popular being the Black Cat Complaint platform under Sina [12]. - Black Cat Complaint offers multiple access points, simple operation, and transparency in the complaint process, encouraging companies to respond promptly [13]. - The platform also publishes "red and black lists" of companies based on their service quality, helping consumers avoid problematic businesses [14]. Group 4: Consumer Associations - Consumers can also approach local consumer associations for mediation support, which can facilitate communication between consumers and businesses [15]. - These associations typically handle smaller disputes and aim to reach a resolution through negotiation [15]. Group 5: Legal and Law Enforcement Options - In severe cases involving fraud or threats, consumers should report to the police immediately [16]. - For persistent issues or significant amounts, legal actions such as lawsuits or arbitration can be pursued as a last resort [16]. Group 6: Conclusion - The article concludes that knowing the right channels for complaints can make the process of protecting consumer rights manageable and effective [17].