Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a groundbreaking research study from Shanghai Jiao Tong University that introduces a new paradigm in regenerative medicine, allowing for direct differentiation of human adult adipose tissue into functional organoids without the need for complex cellular manipulation, thus overcoming significant clinical challenges in the field [3][4]. Group 1: Research Breakthroughs - The study presents a novel "tissue → new tissue" reprogramming paradigm that activates the endogenous differentiation potential of adult adipose tissue, enabling the generation of various functional organoids [4]. - Three major advantages of this research are highlighted: 1. Tissue-level reprogramming that preserves the ecological niche and homeostasis of multiple cell types within adipose tissue, avoiding genomic instability risks associated with cellular manipulation [7]. 2. The breakthrough of germ layer restrictions, successfully directing adipose tissue to differentiate into functional endodermal and ectodermal organoids [7]. 3. Clinical safety assurance through a process that avoids pluripotent states and cell passage, with long-term trials showing no tumorigenicity [7]. Group 2: Methodology and Findings - The research team developed an innovative technique that maintains the natural microenvironment of adipose tissue, leading to the formation of three-dimensional active microtissues with a high proportion of mesenchymal stem cells [8]. - The reaggregated microfat (RMF) particles demonstrated significant differentiation potential, successfully constructing functional human-derived bone marrow organoids that exhibited progressive ossification and superior hematopoietic support capabilities [9]. - The study also achieved the construction of pancreatic organoids with a notable percentage of functional β-like cells, significantly enhancing insulin secretion in response to glucose stimulation [10]. Group 3: Clinical Implications - The findings suggest that adipose tissue can serve as a "natural stem cell reservoir," providing a safe, economical, and scalable treatment strategy for conditions such as diabetes, blood disorders, and nerve injuries [13]. - The research team has initiated clinical translation studies for diabetes treatment, potentially leading to a new chapter in regenerative medicine where liposuction can be utilized for significant health benefits [13].