除了需应对竞争，资金问题也是项目落地的重要阻碍，尤其是在欧洲或中东地区。迈特拉解释，这些地 区的市场不确定性高，且工程、采购与建设(EPC)成本居高不下。 印度信实工业战略与计划负责人帕尔塔·迈特拉指出："当前石化行业正处于低谷期。低迷的原因之一是 全球新增产能集中。比如，中国目前至少有8个'原油制化学品'(COTC)项目正在推进，S-Oil韩国蔚山 的'沙欣项目'也即将启动。" 新加坡彭加兰能源综合体首席执行官阿尔温・鲍登表示："如今炼油厂转型已成为'富人的游戏'，除非 是资金雄厚的大型能源企业 ，但即便如此，也很难独自推进转型，往往需要联合其他合作伙伴，否则 根本无力推动项目落地。"他认为，行业已形成共识：未来的发展方向是 "将炼油厂改造或重建为高转 化率的原油制化学品装置"，但这一目标目前尚无法实现。 中化新网讯 近日，在新加坡举办的亚洲下游峰会(ADS)专题讨论中，行业高管们表示，亚洲炼油厂转型 正面临多重阻碍：转型成本过高、竞争压力大，且现有技术能耗高，而更先进的替代技术尚未具备商业 可行性。 ...

Group 1 - The US tariff policy and other adverse factors pose significant challenges to chemical exporters in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region, which consists of six Middle Eastern countries: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE [1] - The Gulf Petrochemicals and Chemicals Association (GPCA) emphasizes the importance of enhancing cooperation with Asian markets, particularly China, as GCC chemical producers have joint ventures in China, South Korea, Malaysia, and Singapore, processing approximately 2.7 million barrels of crude oil daily and operating over 23 million tons of downstream petrochemical capacity annually [1] - Despite the challenges posed by US tariffs, there are opportunities for GCC chemical exporters, as a 10% baseline tariff could increase the prices of GCC chemical products in the US market, particularly affecting high-volume, price-sensitive products like urea, paraxylene (PX), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) [1] Group 2 - In 2023, Asia accounted for over half of the total exports from the GCC region, with China, India, and Turkey being the primary markets. If China reduces imports from the US, GCC can fill this gap, provided they act quickly to capture market share and diversify trade partners [1] - The GCC region's chemical producers have a competitive advantage over those relying on naphtha due to fluctuating oil prices, and there is a strong emphasis on optimizing energy usage and focusing on high-value projects [1][2] - GCC chemical companies are shifting investments towards specialty elastomers, crude oil-derived chemicals, and downstream sectors such as packaging and electric vehicle materials, with a utilization rate of approximately 90%, significantly higher than most global peers [2] Group 3 - Supply chain resilience has become a key advantage for GCC chemical producers, who must predict, adapt, and seize opportunities arising from geopolitical conflicts and disruptions [2] - Four strategies have been proposed to address supply chain challenges: flexibility in export routes, transparency from production to end-user, establishing regional buffer stocks in key import markets, and utilizing digital risk forecasting [2] - The use of AI, blockchain, and IoT tools is transforming supply chain management from reactive to predictive, while diversified sourcing and strategic inventory reduce reliance on a single region [2] Group 4 - GCC countries will continue to leverage their cost advantage in natural gas while also committing to energy transition, aiming to adjust 25% to 50% of their energy structure to renewable sources by 2030 [3] - Significant investments are being made in carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS), with the region capturing 4.4 million tons of CO2 annually, accounting for 10% of global CCUS capacity [3] - Hydrogen production is another focus of the GCC's energy transition, with ambitious targets set by Oman, UAE, and Saudi Arabia for annual hydrogen production by 2030 and 2031 [3]