Core Insights - The mechanical industry is a foundational and strategic sector for national economic development, achieving significant progress in scale, innovation, and international competitiveness during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, laying a solid foundation for the new "15th Five-Year Plan" journey [1][4] Industry Scale and Growth - The number of enterprises above designated size increased from 92,000 at the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" to 137,000 by October 2025, with total assets rising from 26.5 trillion yuan to 41.7 trillion yuan [1] - In 2024, the operating income of enterprises above designated size is expected to exceed 31.5 trillion yuan, accounting for 22.9% of national industrial output, an increase of 1.4 percentage points from the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" [1] - The import and export volume of the mechanical industry has exceeded 1 trillion USD for five consecutive years, reaching 1.17 trillion USD in 2024, with a year-on-year growth of 7.6% in the first ten months of 2025 [1] Innovation and R&D - R&D expenditure in the mechanical industry has shown a steady increase since 2020, with a total of 763.56 billion yuan expected in 2024, representing an intensity of 2.4% [2] - By September 2025, there are 527 champion enterprises and over 5,000 "specialized, refined, distinctive, and innovative" small giants in the mechanical industry, with specialized enterprises exceeding 40,000, accounting for over 30% of the national total [2] Supply Chain Resilience - The supply capacity of major technical equipment has significantly improved, with breakthroughs in key areas such as neutron detection equipment and heavy-duty gas turbines [3] - The quality of mechanical products has improved, with the national supervision sampling pass rate rising from 87.5% in 2021 to 92.1% in 2024 [3] - The digital design tool penetration rate in the mechanical industry exceeded 90% by 2024, with over 80 enterprises recognized as excellent smart factories [3] Strategic Directions for the "15th Five-Year Plan" - The industry aims to strengthen innovation-driven development, focusing on overcoming key core technologies and enhancing the safety and resilience of supply chains [4][5] - There is a push for structural adjustments to foster new productive forces, emphasizing the integration of new technologies such as artificial intelligence and the development of strategic emerging industries [5] - The industry will optimize its layout to enhance competitiveness, fostering high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises and advanced manufacturing clusters [6]