Core Insights - The COSMOS-Web project has released the largest cosmic map and observational data to date, based on data collected by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), covering over 780,000 galaxies and spanning 13.5 billion years, which represents 98% of the universe's history [1][2] - The goal of the research team is to create an unprecedented ultra-deep wide-angle image of the universe, with the COSMOS-Web image being equivalent to a mural of approximately 4 meters in length and over 15 square meters in area, significantly larger than the Hubble Space Telescope's deep field image [1] - JWST has discovered a number of ancient galaxies far exceeding expectations, finding ten times more galaxies than previously predicted within the first 500 million years after the universe's birth, along with supermassive black holes that were undetectable during the Hubble era [2] Data and Accessibility - The released data includes not only ultra-deep space images but also a detailed galaxy catalog, which is made available to researchers worldwide [3]

对此结果，国际上也有不少研究者提出质疑。一些研究认为，这些观测数据"存在较大噪声干扰，所有 已报告的特征可能只是统计波动"。同时，很多其他分子的模型也能给出类似甚至略好的拟合效果。对 于K2—18b上是否存在水的问题，美国密歇根大学的研究者认为，K2—18b更可能是一颗类似海王星的 气态行星，甚至没有实体表面。此外，实验室天体物理学家在还原性大气中通过化学反应也生成了二甲 基硫醚，研究星际介质的专家提出二甲基硫醚可能来自太空。因此，即使K2—18b上存在二甲基硫醚， 它们或许由非生命过程产生，甚至还可能来自星际介质。 太阳系外是否有生命存在？这个问题一直吸引着人类。宇宙浩渺无垠，恒星之间极为遥远，目前只能依 靠类似JWST的天文望远镜来获取这些行星的光谱。当前比较公认的生命信号探针包括如下情况：如果 发现某颗行星大气中存在明显的氧气或者强烈的紫外吸收（由臭氧层导致）以及甲烷，那么生命就有可 能存在；如果行星光谱存在"红色边缘"或类似的光谱特征，那么这颗星球可能类似于白垩纪年代的地 球，地表几乎全是森林，绿色植物的叶绿素选择性吸收了蓝光和红光，产生了"红色边缘"效应。 科学探索永无止境。为推进相关研究，有不少国 ...