Core Viewpoint - The research team from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics has successfully revealed the aging mechanism of perovskite solar cells and proposed a low-cost solution to extend their lifespan, which is expected to accelerate the industrialization of next-generation photovoltaic technology [1][6]. Group 1: Research Findings - Perovskite is a key candidate material for next-generation photovoltaic technology, with small-sized perovskite solar cells achieving over 27% power conversion efficiency, comparable to commercial silicon solar cells [1]. - The team discovered a reversible degradation phenomenon in perovskite solar cells, where efficiency lost during the day can partially recover overnight, attributed to the movement of iodine ions [3][4]. - The research identified that if iodine ions remain within the perovskite layer, efficiency can recover, but if they migrate to the charge transport layer or electrode, that efficiency is permanently lost [3][4]. Group 2: Technological Innovations - The team developed a "gas-assisted surface reconstruction" technology that confines iodine ions within isolated compartments on the perovskite film surface, limiting their movement [4]. - Experimental data showed that a large perovskite solar cell (785 cm²) treated with this technology lost only 3% efficiency after 101 simulated day-night cycles at 50°C, equating to a stable outdoor operation of 25 years [6]. - The new technology is compatible with existing photovoltaic production lines, effectively controlling retrofit costs [6]. Group 3: Future Prospects - The research has closed the loop from fundamental theory to practical application, clarifying the irreversible degradation causes of perovskite solar cells and addressing key bottlenecks for the industrialization of large-sized perovskite technology [6]. - The team has applied for 10 patents and is working on refining device fabrication processes and material systems to initiate larger-scale pilot projects for perovskite solar cells [6].