Core Viewpoint - Beijing has officially launched a free HPV vaccination program for first-year female students, aiming to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality among young women [1][3]. Group 1: Background and Necessity - Cervical cancer is a significant cause of cancer-related deaths among women globally, with approximately 150,000 new cases and 55,700 deaths annually in China [1][4]. - The decision to implement the free vaccination policy is based on the increasing burden of cervical cancer, particularly among younger populations, and the availability of reliable domestic vaccines [2][4]. - The vaccination initiative aligns with China's "Accelerated Action to Eliminate Cervical Cancer" plan, which aims to improve HPV vaccination coverage among eligible girls [2]. Group 2: Target Population and Rationale - The program specifically targets first-year female students, as vaccination before the onset of sexual activity is most effective [9]. - The choice of this age group is supported by data indicating that the average age of first sexual activity among girls is around 17 years [9]. - The initiative aims to enhance equity in vaccination access, particularly for younger girls and those in rural areas [8]. Group 3: Vaccine Options and Safety - The free vaccination will utilize a domestically produced 2-valent HPV vaccine, which is effective against the two most common cancer-causing HPV types [12]. - Research indicates that the 2-valent vaccine provides nearly 100% protection against cervical cancer caused by HPV types 16 and 18, which account for 84.5% of cervical cancer cases in China [12]. - Safety data from previous vaccinations show that adverse reactions are minimal and within acceptable limits, reinforcing the vaccine's safety profile [13][14]. Group 4: Public Perception and Education - There are concerns among parents regarding the necessity of vaccination at a young age, with some believing it may encourage early sexual activity; however, studies show no correlation between vaccination and increased sexual risk [11]. - The program aims to educate parents on the importance of early vaccination to ensure optimal protection against HPV-related diseases [11][14].