Core Viewpoint - The research conducted on lunar samples from China's Chang'e 5 and Chang'e 6 missions reveals that the Moon experienced volcanic activity much later than previously believed, challenging the notion that it became "dormant" 3 billion years ago [1][2]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study identified two types of basalt from the Chang'e 6 samples, formed around 2.8 billion and 2.9 billion years ago, with distinct compositions and sources: one type originates from deep within the lunar mantle (over 120 kilometers), while the other comes from a shallower mantle (60-80 kilometers) [1][2]. - The research team proposed a new thermal dynamic mechanism for lunar volcanism, suggesting that as the Moon cooled, its lithosphere thickened, trapping magma in the shallow mantle, which could then transfer heat upward, leading to volcanic eruptions [2]. Group 2: Implications and Broader Context - The findings not only revise the understanding of the Moon's thermal evolution history but also provide significant insights into the volcanic activity mechanisms of other small, airless celestial bodies [3].

月球"晚年"为何还有火山喷发？中国科学家研究嫦娥六号样品揭秘 中新网北京8月23日电 (记者 孙自法)作为地球的一颗天然卫星，月球起源演化一直以来备受关注。科学 界普遍认为，月球在30亿年前就已"休眠"，其火山活动基本停止。 不过，中国嫦娥五号、六号任务分别带回月球正面20亿年前、月球背面28亿年前形成的玄武岩样品，研 究证实月球在所谓晚年期依然发生火山喷发。这就引出一个关键科学问题——何种热动力机制支撑着月 球在"晚年"仍保持活力？ 揭示月球年轻火山活动机制 这项月球火山活动重要研究成果论文，北京时间8月23日凌晨在国际学术期刊《科学进展》(Science Advances)上线发表。 研究团队介绍说，他们这次研究在嫦娥六号样品中识别出两类形成时间相近(约28亿年前和29亿年前)但 成分和来源深度迥异的玄武岩：一类是源自月幔深处(距月表约120公里)的"超低钛玄武岩"；另一类"低 钛玄武岩"则来自较浅的月幔(距月表60–80公里)。 通过模拟月球内部的高温高压环境，研究团队发现，这两类岩石来自月球早期岩浆海洋冷却后形成的两 种不同岩层，即普通的辉石岩层和含钛铁矿的辉石岩层。 传统观点曾推测月球晚期火山活动可 ...