Core Viewpoint - The publishing industry, particularly university presses, is experiencing a "Pareto Principle" effect where 20% of leading publishers are thriving while 80% of smaller publishers are increasingly marginalized and struggling to survive [1] Group 1: Challenges Faced by University Presses - University presses are trapped in a cycle of "involution," exacerbated by outdated regulations that still influence academic evaluations despite being officially abolished in 2019 [2][3] - Many universities continue to require publications from "top publishers" for academic promotions, leading to a preference for these publishers despite their outdated status [3][4] - The pressure to publish with recognized publishers limits the opportunities for smaller presses, which struggle to secure quality titles and maintain financial viability [4][10] Group 2: The Shift in Academic Publishing - The importance of publishing as a form of academic achievement is declining, with alternatives such as research projects and patents becoming more prevalent [6][7] - The effort required to publish a book is significantly greater than that for a paper, leading many academics to favor publishing articles due to better cost-effectiveness [6][7][8] Group 3: The Success of Major Publishers - The concentration of resources among the top 20% of publishers creates a positive feedback loop, allowing them to attract better authors and projects [10][12] - Major publishers benefit from established reputations and financial stability, enabling them to invest in quality projects and retain talented editors [12][13] - The digital transformation of educational materials favors larger publishers, who are better positioned to create integrated digital platforms [12]