Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the rising incidence and prevalence of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) globally, emphasizing the need for innovative treatments beyond insulin replacement therapy, including immune modulation and gut microbiome interventions [2][5]. Group 1: Research Findings - A recent study published in Cell Reports Medicine indicates that restoring intestinal secondary bile acid synthesis through gut microbiota transplantation may improve pancreatic β cell function in T1D patients [3]. - The research highlights that T1D patients exhibit reduced gut microbiome diversity and an imbalance between harmful and beneficial bacteria, which correlates with impaired secondary bile acid metabolism [6][7]. - The study confirms that interventions targeting gut microbiota and their metabolites are safe and can enhance blood glucose control, reduce daily insulin dosage, and alleviate inflammation [6][9]. Group 2: Implications for Treatment - The findings suggest that targeting gut microbiota and secondary bile acid metabolism could be a promising approach for treating T1D, potentially leading to improved β cell function and metabolic health [9]. - The study also indicates that secondary bile acids are linked to β cell function in T1D patients, and gut microbiome markers may have diagnostic potential for the disease [7].