Core Viewpoint - Poor glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes can lead to a significant reduction in adult height, with potential losses of 2 to 3 centimeters, particularly affecting boys during their growth spurts [5][8][10]. Group 1: Impact of Poor Glycemic Control - A nationwide cohort study from Sweden indicates that children with poor blood sugar control may experience a height reduction of 2 to 3 centimeters in adulthood [5][8]. - The study highlights that for every 1% increase in HbA1c levels, children's final height decreases by 0.3 centimeters, especially during puberty when growth hormone secretion is disrupted [6][10]. Group 2: Gender Differences in Height Impact - Male patients with poor glycemic control (HbA1c > 9.0%) experience an average height reduction of 2.91 centimeters, while female patients see a reduction of 1.83 centimeters [10]. - The timing of diabetes onset plays a crucial role; boys are affected regardless of when they develop diabetes, while girls primarily face height loss if diagnosed before puberty [12][14]. Group 3: Recommendations for Height Preservation - Early intervention is critical; establishing a strict blood sugar monitoring system from diagnosis is essential, particularly during the peak growth period of puberty [14][15]. - A balanced diet that reduces high-sugar and high-fat foods while increasing fiber, quality protein, and vitamins is recommended to stabilize blood sugar levels [16]. - Regular aerobic exercise can enhance insulin sensitivity and aid in blood sugar control [17]. - Psychological support is important, as chronic illness can lead to emotional stress; parents should monitor their children's emotional well-being and seek professional help if necessary [18].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the rising incidence and prevalence of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) globally, emphasizing the need for innovative treatments beyond insulin replacement therapy, including immune modulation and gut microbiome interventions [2][5]. Group 1: Research Findings - A recent study published in Cell Reports Medicine indicates that restoring intestinal secondary bile acid synthesis through gut microbiota transplantation may improve pancreatic β cell function in T1D patients [3]. - The research highlights that T1D patients exhibit reduced gut microbiome diversity and an imbalance between harmful and beneficial bacteria, which correlates with impaired secondary bile acid metabolism [6][7]. - The study confirms that interventions targeting gut microbiota and their metabolites are safe and can enhance blood glucose control, reduce daily insulin dosage, and alleviate inflammation [6][9]. Group 2: Implications for Treatment - The findings suggest that targeting gut microbiota and secondary bile acid metabolism could be a promising approach for treating T1D, potentially leading to improved β cell function and metabolic health [9]. - The study also indicates that secondary bile acids are linked to β cell function in T1D patients, and gut microbiome markers may have diagnostic potential for the disease [7].