Core Points - NASA and NOAA launched three space probes to study solar wind and space weather effects on Earth and the solar system [1] - The probes include NASA's Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP), the Karelian Coronagraph Observatory, and NOAA's Space Weather Follow-On satellite SWFO-L1 [1] - The launch occurred on September 24, 2023, at 7:30 AM ET from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, targeting the first Lagrange point, approximately 1.6 million kilometers from Earth [1] - The missions aim to enhance understanding of solar impacts on Earth's habitability, map the solar system's spatial distribution, and improve responses to space weather threats [1] IMAP Mission - IMAP will focus on studying the solar wind boundary region and its interactions with nearby galaxies, while monitoring solar wind and high-energy particles in real-time [1] - Data from IMAP will aid in simulating and improving predictions of space weather impacts, helping to prevent issues like power grid failures and satellite malfunctions caused by solar storms [1] Karelian Coronagraph Observatory - The Karelian Coronagraph Observatory is a small satellite named after American space physicist George Karelian, designed to continuously observe the Earth's outer atmosphere, specifically the exosphere [2] - It will analyze the exosphere's shape, extent, density, and temporal changes, contributing to a deeper understanding of its fundamental physical mechanisms and enhancing predictions of solar activity impacts on Earth [2] SWFO-L1 Satellite - SWFO-L1 is a NOAA satellite dedicated to space weather observation, providing real-time monitoring of solar activity and solar wind [2] - It aims to deliver real-time data and early warning information to prevent potentially destructive space weather events affecting Earth [2]

Core Points - The article discusses the launch of three space probes by NASA and NOAA to study solar wind and space weather impacts on Earth and the solar system [1][2] - The probes include the Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP), the Karelian Coronagraph Observatory, and the Space Weather Follow-On satellite (SWFO-L1) [1] - The mission aims to enhance understanding of solar influences on Earth's habitability and improve predictions of space weather effects on satellites and astronauts [1] Group 1 - The three probes were launched on September 24, 2023, from Kennedy Space Center aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket, heading to the first Lagrange point, approximately 1.6 million kilometers from Earth [1] - IMAP will focus on studying the solar wind boundary region and its interactions with nearby galaxies, providing real-time monitoring of solar wind and high-energy particles [1] - The data from IMAP will help simulate and improve predictions of space weather impacts, potentially preventing issues like power grid failures and satellite malfunctions caused by solar storms [1] Group 2 - The Karelian Coronagraph Observatory is a small satellite named after American astrophysicist George Karelian, which will continuously observe the Earth's outer atmosphere, the exosphere, to understand its physical mechanisms [2] - SWFO-L1 is dedicated to monitoring solar activity and solar wind, providing real-time data and alerts for potentially destructive space weather events affecting Earth [2]

Core Points - NASA and NOAA launched three space probes to study solar wind and space weather impacts on Earth and the solar system [1][2] - The probes include NASA's Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP), the Karelian Coronagraph, and NOAA's Space Weather Follow-On satellite SWFO-L1 [1] - The launch occurred on September 24, 2023, at 7:30 AM ET from Kennedy Space Center, with the probes expected to reach the first Lagrange point in January 2024 [1] Group 1 - The IMAP mission will focus on studying the solar wind boundary region and its interactions with nearby galaxies, providing real-time monitoring of solar wind and high-energy particles [1] - Data from IMAP will enhance predictive capabilities regarding space weather impacts, helping to prevent issues like power grid failures and satellite malfunctions caused by solar storms [1] Group 2 - The Karelian Coronagraph is a small satellite named after American space physicist George Karelian, which will continuously observe the Earth's outer atmosphere, the exosphere, to understand its characteristics and changes over time [2] - The SWFO-L1 satellite will monitor solar activity and solar wind in real-time, providing critical data and early warning for potentially destructive space weather events affecting Earth [2]