Core Viewpoint - The discovery and publication of a new species of Rhododendron, named "Mulun Rhododendron," by researchers from various institutions highlights the biodiversity of the Rhododendron genus in China and its potential ecological and economic significance [1][2][5]. Group 1: Discovery and Classification - The new species, Mulun Rhododendron, was identified and published in the international journal "Plant Taxonomy" by researchers from Guangxi Institute of Botany, Zhejiang Normal University, and other organizations [1]. - Morphologically, Mulun Rhododendron resembles Wuming Rhododendron but is distinguished by its hairless buds, petioles, and leaves, as well as its larger, funnel-shaped flower corolla that is white with a light pink hue [2]. Group 2: Conservation Status - The population of Mulun Rhododendron is critically low, with fewer than 250 mature individuals identified, and the largest subpopulation containing no more than 150 mature individuals, categorizing it as endangered (EN) according to the IUCN Red List [2]. Group 3: Biodiversity and Economic Importance - The Rhododendron genus is the most diverse within the Ericaceae family, with approximately 1,150 species globally, over 1,000 of which are found in the Northern Hemisphere, predominantly in China and the Malay Archipelago [5]. - China is home to around 600 species of Rhododendron, with more than 400 being endemic, particularly in the southern and southwestern regions where species diversity is highest [5]. - The discovery of Mulun Rhododendron adds to the diversity of the Rhododendron genus in China and emphasizes its importance as a unique genetic resource for karst ecological restoration and landscape development [5].

Core Insights - A new species of Rhododendron, named "Mulun Rhododendron," has been identified and published by researchers from various institutions in China, contributing to the diversity of the Rhododendron genus in the country [3][4] - The discovery of Mulun Rhododendron highlights the rich biodiversity of the Rhododendron genus in China, which has approximately 600 species, with over 400 being endemic [3] - Mulun Rhododendron is classified as endangered (EN) by the IUCN, with fewer than 250 mature individuals identified, indicating a need for conservation efforts [3] Group 1 - The new species was discovered during a biodiversity survey in the Mulun National Nature Reserve and is named after its type locality [3] - The morphological characteristics of Mulun Rhododendron include hairless buds, petioles, and leaves, along with a larger, funnel-shaped flower crown that is white with a light pink hue [3] - The discovery of Mulun Rhododendron adds to the ongoing research and interest in Rhododendron species, which are significant economic ornamental plants [4] Group 2 - The Mulun Rhododendron is considered a unique genetic resource in karst ecosystems, with potential applications in ecological restoration and landscape design [4] - The increasing number of newly discovered Rhododendron species, such as Dashanbao Rhododendron and Yuanbaoshan Rhododendron, reflects the growing attention from researchers and plant enthusiasts [4]