原标题：对抗高温，水稻有"秘密武器" 记者5月12日获悉，华中农业大学作物遗传改良全国重点实验室教授李一博课题组首次揭示了水稻 对抗高温的"秘密武器"——基因QT12。相关研究成果日前发表在国际期刊《细胞》上。 多国农业模型分析表明，全球平均气温每升高1摄氏度，将直接导致水稻产量减少3.2%。极端高温 天气频发，对水稻等主要粮食作物的产量和品质构成严峻挑战。 长江流域是我国第一大水稻主产区。2024年，在长江流域极端高温天气下，科研团队开展了大规模 田间试验。结果显示，基因QT12在高温环境下展现出很强的耐热性。与野生型相比，CRISPR编辑的 QT12基因株系在武汉、杭州和长沙种植的水稻小区产量分别提升了92.5%、64.1%和54.7%。 此外，基因QT12导入到杂交稻品种"华占"中，能显著提高其结实率、单株产量和稻米品质，导致 在武汉、杭州和长沙种植的水稻小区产量分别增加了49.1%、77.9%和31.2%，进一步验证了其在高温环 境下的育种实力。 据悉，科研团队已与多家国内龙头企业达成转化开发意向协议，相关成果将在育种实践中发挥重要 作用。（记者吴纯新 通讯员蒋朝常） 李一博课题组发现，当高温来袭，基 ...

Core Insights - A key gene named QT12 has been discovered by a research team led by Professor Li Yibo from Huazhong Agricultural University, which enables rice to withstand high temperatures, addressing a significant threat to food security due to climate change [1][2] - The research findings were published in the international journal "Cell" on April 30, 2023, highlighting the importance of developing heat-resistant rice varieties for stable yields in high-temperature environments [1] Group 1 - The research team conducted extensive genetic analysis and identified the QT12 gene, which interacts with the protein complex NF-Y to create a molecular "firewall" that protects rice grains from high temperatures [1] - The study demonstrated that QT12 helps maintain the stability of protein and starch synthesis during high-temperature conditions, ensuring the quality and yield of rice [1] Group 2 - In field trials conducted in the Yangtze River basin under high-temperature conditions, the introduction of QT12 into the hybrid rice variety "Huazhan" significantly increased its seed setting rate, single-plant yield, and rice quality, with yield increases of 49.1% in Wuhan, 77.9% in Hangzhou, and 31.2% in Changsha [2] - The research team has reached agreements with several domestic companies for the transformation and development of these research results, aiming to accelerate their application in breeding practices [2]