Core Viewpoint - The article explores the cultural significance of drums in various contexts, particularly in traditional Chinese performances and celebrations, highlighting their role in evoking emotions and representing historical practices. Group 1: Cultural Significance of Drums - Drums are associated with excitement and energy, particularly in martial arts performances where they enhance the dramatic effect of battles on stage [2] - The use of drums in traditional Chinese opera, such as Peking opera, serves as a conductor for the orchestra and is integral to the storytelling [2] - Various forms of traditional drumming exist across different ethnic groups in China, each with unique styles and cultural meanings, such as the hand drum in Xinjiang and the eight-corner drum of the Manchu people [3] Group 2: Historical Context and Evolution - Historically, drums played a crucial role in ancient battlefields, symbolizing the call to advance or retreat, with the saying "advance at the sound of the drum" reflecting their importance [2] - The evolution of drum-making techniques and materials, such as the transition from using cowhide to more complex processes, illustrates the cultural heritage and craftsmanship involved in drum production [4] - The "Wayaohua Drum" from the Miao ethnic group represents a blend of traditional practices and modern adaptations, showcasing the ongoing relevance of drumming in contemporary cultural expressions [4]

Core Viewpoint - The event "Sounding Mountains and Rivers: Inheriting Ancient and Modern Techniques" showcases the integration of traditional cultural heritage with ecological aesthetics, emphasizing the importance of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) in contemporary society [1][3]. Group 1: Event Highlights - The event featured performances by national ICH inheritors, including a stunning opening with military sound simulations by three inheritors, creating an immersive experience [3][8]. - Notable performances included the 88-year-old master Niu Yuliang's rendition of "Hundred Birds Chirping," which harmonized with the natural surroundings, and a shadow play by the Beijing Shadow Play Troupe that illustrated natural philosophy [3][6]. - The event aimed to create a living museum experience, integrating various art forms such as calligraphy and shadow puppetry within the scenic landscape [8]. Group 2: Cultural and Economic Impact - The event is part of a broader initiative to explore new pathways for revitalizing ICH through ecological empowerment and cultural tourism, with local techniques like Qing Shui tofu and Ling Shan tea being recognized as part of the district's ICH inventory [9]. - The collaboration between Xicheng and Mentougou districts represents a significant effort to promote ICH through a combined approach of performance arts and ecological integration, enhancing cultural confidence in rural areas [9][8]. - The event concluded with positive audience feedback, highlighting the accessibility and appeal of highbrow art forms to the general public, indicating a successful engagement with local communities [9].