Core Viewpoint - The collaborative research led by Chinese institutions and international scientists has achieved significant advancements in brain mapping at single-cell resolution, marking a leap from rodent to primate studies, with ten important results published in a special issue of the journal "Cell" [1] Group 1 - The series of results covers key species including reptiles, birds, rodents, non-human primates, and humans, expanding the international brain atlas in terms of cross-species comparison and spatiotemporal dynamics [1] - Unlike previous breakthroughs that focused on isolated points, this series of findings is expected to facilitate a transition from structural to functional research, providing new perspectives and critical tools for understanding the brain [1]