Core Viewpoint - The development of Atomic and Close-to-Atomic Scale Manufacturing (ACSM) represents a significant breakthrough in material manipulation, allowing for precise atomic-level assembly and modification, which fundamentally changes traditional manufacturing paradigms [1][2]. Group 1: Development and Historical Context - ACSM has evolved from theoretical predictions in the 1950s to practical applications, with key milestones including the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope in the 1980s and the first demonstration of atomic manipulation by IBM scientists in 1989 [2]. - In the 21st century, a pivotal moment occurred when Professor Fang Fengzhou proposed a systematic framework for ACSM, transitioning it from a collection of experiments to a defined academic discipline [2]. Group 2: Research Achievements - Dalian University of Technology has established a distinctive research system in ACSM, hosting the third International Nanomanufacturing Society Advanced Manufacturing Symposium in 2023, which gathered over a hundred top experts [3]. - Key technological breakthroughs include a new method for atomic-scale semiconductor etching achieving controllable etching depths of 0.1 nanometers, advancements in atomic-level surface processing, and the development of dynamic simulation methods for material removal at the atomic scale [3]. Group 3: Application Potential and Challenges - ACSM technology has transformative potential in fields requiring extreme material performance and device precision, such as next-generation chip manufacturing and quantum computing [5]. - Despite its promise, ACSM faces developmental bottlenecks, including the need to understand atomic interactions and develop new equipment while balancing manufacturing efficiency and costs [5]. Group 4: Regional Development and Industrial Impact - For Liaoning to advance in ACSM, it is recommended to leverage its industrial foundation and educational advantages by integrating research resources and forming interdisciplinary teams [6]. - The impact of ACSM on Liaoning's industrial upgrade includes enhancing traditional industries, addressing critical challenges in chip manufacturing, and fostering new industries in quantum technology and advanced materials [6].