Core Points - The China Academy of Sciences' Purple Mountain Observatory has launched two significant telescope projects aimed at enhancing China's astronomical observation capabilities [1][2] - The 4.2-meter ground-based dedicated astrometric telescope will be the largest of its kind in China and is expected to be completed by 2027, focusing on high-precision measurements of celestial bodies within the solar system [1] - The 2.5-meter multi-terminal general telescope is designed for various observational needs and is expected to be completed by 2026, supporting both natural and artificial celestial body measurements [2] Group 1 - The 4.2-meter telescope will provide critical support for China's autonomous construction and long-term maintenance of solar system celestial body catalogs [1] - It features a large aperture, low distortion imaging, high precision positioning, and deep detection limits [1] - The telescope will also serve China's space missions and deep space exploration observational needs [1] Group 2 - The 2.5-meter telescope will facilitate multi-band and multi-type precision measurements, addressing national strategic needs such as lunar space safety and space asset protection [2] - It will be the largest coaxial laser ranging telescope in China upon completion [2] - The chosen location in Qinghai province offers optimal observational conditions due to minimal light pollution and excellent seeing [2]

Core Points - The China Academy of Sciences' Purple Mountain Observatory launched two significant telescope projects aimed at enhancing the precision measurement of celestial bodies within the solar system [1][2] - The 4.2-meter ground-based dedicated celestial measurement telescope is the largest of its kind in China and is expected to be completed by 2027, focusing on high-precision measurements of faint celestial bodies [1] - The 2.5-meter multi-terminal general telescope is designed for various observational needs and is projected to be completed by 2026, serving national strategic requirements such as space safety and asset protection [2] Group 1 - The 4.2-meter telescope features large aperture, low distortion imaging, high precision positioning, and deep detection limits, supporting the autonomous construction and long-term maintenance of China's solar system celestial catalog [1] - The 2.5-meter telescope will conduct multi-band and multi-type precision measurements of both natural and artificial celestial bodies, complementing the efforts of the 4.2-meter telescope [2] - Both telescopes will work in tandem to provide comprehensive mapping of various moving celestial bodies within the solar system, with the 4.2-meter telescope focusing on distant and faint objects while the 2.5-meter telescope targets closer and faster-moving entities [2]

Core Points - The Chinese Academy of Sciences' Zijinshan Observatory has initiated the construction of a 4.2-meter ground-based dedicated celestial measurement telescope and a 2.5-meter multi-terminal universal telescope, marking a significant advancement in China's precision astronomical observation capabilities [2][4][6] - The 4.2-meter telescope, set to be completed by 2027, will be the largest celestial measurement telescope in China, focusing on high-precision measurements of weak celestial bodies within the solar system [2][4] - The 2.5-meter telescope, expected to be completed by 2026, will be the largest coaxial laser ranging telescope in China, designed for multi-band and multi-type precision measurements of both natural and artificial celestial bodies [4][6] Telescope Specifications - The 4.2-meter telescope features a large aperture, low distortion imaging, high precision positioning, and deep detection limits, aimed at supporting the autonomous construction and long-term maintenance of China's solar system celestial catalog [2][4] - The 2.5-meter telescope is characterized by its medium aperture and multi-functional capabilities, catering to various observational needs and focusing on nearby targets and fast-moving celestial bodies [4][6] Research and Development Impact - The construction of these telescopes will significantly enhance China's capabilities in astronomical observation and space applications, providing foundational support for astronomical research and helping the country gain a technological edge in international basic astronomy and high-precision solar system observations [8]

Core Viewpoint - The construction of two telescopes, a 4.2-meter dedicated celestial measurement telescope and a 2.5-meter multi-terminal general telescope, has commenced in Qinghai, China, marking a significant advancement in the country's astronomical capabilities [1] Group 1: Telescope Specifications and Goals - The primary scientific objective of both telescopes is to observe solar system celestial bodies, utilizing complementary observational techniques to achieve high-precision "positioning" of these bodies [1] - Upon completion in 2027, the 4.2-meter telescope will be China's first 4-meter class single mirror astronomical telescope and the largest precision measurement telescope for solar system bodies internationally [1] Group 2: Impact on Astronomy and Space Exploration - The completion of these telescopes will represent a major breakthrough in China's astronomy field, establishing an internationally advanced ground-based optical precision observation system [1] - This development will significantly enhance China's capabilities in precise celestial measurement, providing robust observational support for astronomical research and the nation's ambitions in space exploration [1]