该项目计划2027年建成，建成后将是中国首台全自主研制、具有国际先进水平的亚毫米波天文望远 镜。 中国科学院紫金山天文台研究员、研究部主任李婧表示，"我们通常会把波长范围在0.1至1毫米之 间的电磁波定义为亚毫米波，在这个波长范围之内，它隐藏着可见光和近红外所看不到的一些秘密，比 如星际尘埃的舞动，分子气体的分布，以及恒星的诞生和成长，那这个频段现在还是我们国家天文学发 展的短板。"(记者 孙睿) 9月20日，中国首台自主研发的15米口径亚毫米波望远镜(简称XSMT)在青海省海西蒙古族藏族自治 州德令哈市雪山牧场正式启动建设。 该望远镜由中国科学院紫金山天文台牵头建设，其15米口径的高精度天线面板，可支持高频段亚毫 米波观测，配备有大视场多色相机、三波段超外差接收机、460GHz多波束接收机等先进的科学仪器， 支持宽频段、广视场和高灵敏度的观测。 ...

和地球上的大型滑坡不同，月球上的新滑坡显得"小巧"且"浅表"。其大多数滑坡长度不到1公里，宽度 不足100米，最厚的地方不到1米。从规模上看，每处滑坡移动的物质的体积都小于10万立方米，且主要 集中在坡度24°至42°的斜坡上。 9月15日，记者从中山大学获悉，该校大气科学学院肖智勇团队联合遥感科学与技术学院教授张吴明通 过卫星图像分析，发现2009年以来月球上新增了数十处滑坡，而这些滑坡的主要"推手"，不是小行星撞 击，而是月球内部产生的地震，也就是科学家所称的"内生月震"。相关成果近日发表于《国家科学评 论》。 "我们通过卫星图像对比的方法找到了月球上的新滑坡。"张吴明介绍，团队用分辨率小于1米/像素的数 据，对比覆盖同一区域的前、后图像数据。研究发现，自2009年以来，月球形成了大量的新滑坡。 研究团队挑选了月球正面和背面容易发生滑坡的74个观测区域，包括年轻撞击坑的陡峭坑壁、断层活动 形成的皱脊，以及可能存在近期火山活动的不规则月海斑块。团队通过精准对齐前序和后序图像数据， 再计算反照率变化，找到了滑坡发生的地点和形态。据介绍，对这些观测区域内新滑坡的研究，可反映 月球整体的滑坡活跃水平。 那么，是什 ...

科技日报广州9月15日电 （记者龙跃梅 通讯员李建平）记者15日从中山大学获悉，该校大气科学学 院肖智勇团队联合遥感科学与技术学院教授张吴明通过卫星图像分析发现，2009年以来月球上新增了数 十处滑坡，而这些滑坡的主要"推手"，不是小行星撞击，而是月球内部产生的地震，也就是科学家所称 的"内生月震"。相关成果近日发表于《国家科学评论》。 那么，是什么触发了月球滑坡？研究团队分析了这些新滑坡的地质情况，发现大量新形成的撞击 坑，最大的直径超过70米。但是，不到30%的新滑坡可能是由撞击触发，且滑坡开始的位置普遍缺乏暴 露的岩石。因此，科学家推断，这些滑坡主要是由内生月震引发的震动导致的，证实月球内部仍有能量 活动。 此前，人类很难直接探测月球内部的地震带。这项研究表明，"月球滑坡的分布"可以像指南针一 样，帮助我们间接找到月球地下的活跃地震区。 研究团队挑选了月球正面和背面容易发生滑坡的74个观测区域，包括年轻撞击坑的陡峭坑壁、断层 活动形成的皱脊，以及可能存在近期火山活动的不规则月海斑块，通过精准对齐前序和后序图像数据， 再计算反照率变化，找到了滑坡发生的地点和形态。据介绍，对这些观测区域内新滑坡的研究，可反 ...

中国科学院上海天文台科研人员牵头负责的月球轨道VLBI试验系统（LOVEX，Lunar Orbital VLBI EXperiment）是中国月球探测工程 嫦娥七号的一个科学组成部分。 LOVEX充分利用嫦娥七号鹊桥二号中继星平台及其相关设备（包括4.2米口径X波段天线、固存和S/Ka波段通信系统等），并在鹊桥 二号搭载VLBI专用设备，建立了国际上首个月球轨道VLBI系统。LOVEX与地面VLBI台站联合观测，构成的月地基线空间VLBI网， 具有38万千米超长基线、超高空间分辨率，可开展深空探测器精密测定轨和具有重大科学意义的天文观测研究。 VLBI专用载荷设备由上海天文台牵头负责，联合国内多家航天电子技术单位共同完成研制。主要设备包括X波段低温接收机及制冷机 控制单元（如下图a,c,d）、被动氢原子钟（b）、变频和数据采集后端（f）、VLBI馈源、波束波段及电缆组件等。鹊桥二号中继星于 2024年3月20日发射，并成功进入椭圆环月轨道，目前运行于近月点300公里、远月点16万公里的稳定轨道。VLBI设备经过单机测 试，各项指标满足要求。 △主要的VLBI专用载荷设备 9月1日，记者从中国科学院上海天文台获 ...

Core Points - The China Academy of Sciences' Purple Mountain Observatory launched two significant telescope projects aimed at enhancing the precision measurement of celestial bodies within the solar system [1][2] - The 4.2-meter ground-based dedicated celestial measurement telescope is the largest of its kind in China and is expected to be completed by 2027, focusing on high-precision measurements of faint celestial bodies [1] - The 2.5-meter multi-terminal general telescope is designed for various observational needs and is projected to be completed by 2026, serving national strategic requirements such as space safety and asset protection [2] Group 1 - The 4.2-meter telescope features large aperture, low distortion imaging, high precision positioning, and deep detection limits, supporting the autonomous construction and long-term maintenance of China's solar system celestial catalog [1] - The 2.5-meter telescope will conduct multi-band and multi-type precision measurements of both natural and artificial celestial bodies, complementing the efforts of the 4.2-meter telescope [2] - Both telescopes will work in tandem to provide comprehensive mapping of various moving celestial bodies within the solar system, with the 4.2-meter telescope focusing on distant and faint objects while the 2.5-meter telescope targets closer and faster-moving entities [2]

Core Findings - Chinese scientists discovered a rare millisecond pulsar PSR J1928+1815 in the Milky Way using the "China Sky Eye," which is obscured by its companion star for one-sixth of its time, and the companion star's mass is significantly higher than typical companion stars of eclipsing pulsars [1][2][3] Group 1: Scientific Significance - The discovery of PSR J1928+1815 is crucial for studying stellar evolution, compact star accretion, and gravitational wave sources from binary star mergers [1][3] - The unique characteristics of this pulsar and its companion star provide valuable observational data for understanding the common envelope evolution of binary star systems [2][3] Group 2: Characteristics of the Pulsar and Companion Star - PSR J1928+1815 has a rotation period of 10.55 milliseconds and orbits its companion star with a period of 3.6 hours, with the companion star having a mass of at least one solar mass [2] - The companion star is inferred to be a high-temperature helium star, and the pulsar's signal obscuration is caused by the stellar wind material ejected from the helium star [3]

Core Insights - The "Wukong" satellite has achieved the first precise measurement of the secondary cosmic ray boron spectrum in the TeV/n energy range, providing new observational evidence for revising cosmic ray propagation models [1][2] - The satellite's findings indicate a significant hardening structure in the boron spectrum around 200 GeV/n, suggesting that cosmic ray propagation may be slower than previously anticipated [2] Group 1: Scientific Achievements - The "Wukong" satellite, launched by China, is the first astronomical satellite dedicated to observing high-energy particles in space, with core scientific goals including dark matter particle detection and cosmic ray research [1] - The international collaboration group utilized eight years of observational data to achieve precise measurements of the boron element spectrum from 10 GeV/n to 8 TeV/n, surpassing previous space detection experiments in both measurement precision and energy limits [2] Group 2: Implications for Cosmic Ray Research - The observed hardening of the boron spectrum indicates that the particle flux at higher energies significantly exceeds classical model predictions, with the spectrum index increase being approximately twice that of primary cosmic ray protons and helium nuclei [2] - These findings are crucial for understanding the acceleration and propagation mechanisms of cosmic rays, as they provide insights into the diffusion process of cosmic rays in the universe [2]

Core Viewpoint - The exploration for extraterrestrial life is being revolutionized by the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into astronomical research, enhancing data analysis and hypothesis generation capabilities [1][2][6]. Group 1: AI in Astrobiology - NASA's "AstroAgents" system, consisting of eight AI agents, is designed to autonomously conduct research in astrobiology, analyzing data and generating scientific hypotheses [2][3]. - The system aims to study Martian samples to identify organic molecules that may indicate past or present life [2][3]. - AI agents utilize large language models to actively participate in research, determining research content and methods, and evaluating results [2][3]. Group 2: Discovering Exoplanets - The ExoMiner project, developed by NASA scientists, has successfully identified 370 previously unknown exoplanets using machine learning techniques [4][5]. - Despite the discovery, none of the identified exoplanets have environments similar to Earth, indicating a challenging search for habitable conditions [4][5]. Group 3: SETI and Electromagnetic Signal Monitoring - The SETI program is employing AI to analyze electromagnetic signals across a wide wavelength range, enhancing the search for extraterrestrial intelligence [6][7]. - A new AI-driven software system is being developed for the Very Large Array (VLA) to process vast amounts of data, significantly improving the efficiency of signal detection [6][7]. - SETI's efforts include scanning millions of stars and hundreds of galaxies for signs of life, with AI also being used to analyze Martian rock samples for biological indicators [6][7].