Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolving policy environment surrounding state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and their investment strategies, particularly focusing on the "early, small, and hard" investment approach promoted by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) [1][2][4]. Group 1: Policy Changes and Investment Strategies - The SASAC has emphasized the need for SOEs to focus on new industries and technologies, guiding them to engage in angel investing, venture capital, and equity investments [4][11]. - Various regions, including Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Guangdong, and Hubei, have begun exploring the "early, small, and hard" investment model since 2025 [7][8]. - The Zhejiang Science and Technology Innovation Fund is highlighted as an early adopter of this investment model, aiming to support technological innovation and emerging industries in the province [6][16]. Group 2: Challenges Faced by State-owned Investment Institutions - Despite the policy shifts, state-owned investment institutions face challenges, such as insufficient risk tolerance for state capital, which affects investment enthusiasm [9][49]. - The SASAC is working on defining the next steps for state-owned investments, focusing on promoting innovation and integrating industry and technology [47][48]. - There is a need for improved cross-departmental collaboration to effectively implement the "early, small, and hard" investment strategy [49]. Group 3: Successful Case Studies - Zhejiang Chuangtou's investment in Huahai Qingshi is cited as a successful example, yielding a return of 4.7 billion yuan with a return on investment of 15.6 times [32][30]. - The Shanghai International Group has established a hard technology fund, targeting investments in semiconductor, artificial intelligence, and biomedicine sectors, leveraging local government support [36][39]. - The fund has developed a comprehensive project evaluation mechanism and offers post-investment management services to enhance the competitiveness of invested companies [42].