Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the challenges faced by rare disease patients in China, including high treatment costs and limited access to effective medications, emphasizing the need for local pharmaceutical companies to develop affordable solutions [1][3][10]. Summary by Sections Rare Disease Landscape - Approximately 20 million rare disease patients exist in China, with only 5% receiving effective treatment [1] - The high cost of treatment, often equivalent to decades of income for an average family, is attributed to the rarity of cases and high R&D expenses [1] Gaucher Disease Case Study - Gaucher disease affects about 3,000 patients in China, with a global incidence rate of 0.7 to 1.75 per 100,000 [2] - Major pharmaceutical companies like Sanofi and Shire dominate the global market, holding over 95% market share [2] Market Dynamics and Local Innovation - The approval of CAN103 (Vilasozymab) by Beihai Kangcheng marks a significant advancement in the treatment of Gaucher disease in China, providing a locally developed alternative to expensive imported therapies [4][10] - The innovative drug is expected to enhance accessibility for patients and is produced using a segmented manufacturing process, improving efficiency and reducing costs [6][5] Economic Considerations - The annual treatment costs for rare diseases in China range from 1.5 to 2.5 million RMB, making affordability a critical issue [3][7] - Local companies are encouraged to negotiate with healthcare authorities to ensure that drug pricing aligns with patient affordability and market expectations [7] R&D Challenges - The development of rare disease drugs faces a "high investment, low return" dilemma, with R&D costs exceeding 200 million RMB for a single drug [8] - The fragmented nature of rare diseases complicates the economic viability of developing targeted treatments, as patients are spread across over 7,000 different conditions [9] Future Outlook - The potential for local companies to capture market share in the rare disease sector is significant, especially as global demand for effective treatments continues to grow [10][11] - Establishing a sustainable business model is crucial for the success of rare disease drug developers, balancing profitability with social responsibility [11]