Group 1 - The central bank of Morocco has officially joined the Pan-African Payment and Settlement System (PAPSS), becoming the 17th member country, and has simultaneously activated the African Currency Marketplace (PACM) [1] - PAPSS aims to reduce reliance on the US dollar or euro for cross-border payments within Africa, allowing businesses to settle transactions directly in their local currencies, thus saving on currency exchange costs and reducing transaction times [2] - The integration of Morocco into PAPSS enhances the liquidity of the African currency pool, helping to lower exchange rate differences and stabilize secondary market transactions [3] Group 2 - The PAPSS system covers various regions in Africa, including West Africa, East Africa, Southern Africa, North Africa, and Indian Ocean islands, facilitating a more integrated financial framework across the continent [2] - The PACM utilizes blockchain technology from African tech company Interstellar to provide a transparent, efficient, and secure channel for currency exchanges between local currencies [2] - The expected annual savings from this mechanism for Africa is approximately $5 billion in currency exchange costs, which could also release a significant amount of "trapped funds" [2]

然而，摆脱美元的尝试面临强劲阻力，以及来自美国总统特朗普的报复威胁。特朗普决心维持美元作为 全球贸易主导货币的地位。 非洲创建不依赖美元的支付体系，与中国推动建立独立于西方机构的金融体系形成呼应。面临经济制裁 的俄罗斯等国，也迫切寻求美元的替代方案。 随着特朗普重返白宫后贸易格局转变与地缘政治重组，去美元化运动更显紧迫。但非洲推动支付替代方 案的核心诉求仍基于成本考量。 非洲推动本币支付体系的努力——曾几何时还只是一种愿景——如今终于取得实质性进展。这一突破为 长期因美元交易耗损资源而发展受限的非洲大陆带来了降低贸易成本的希望。 据了解，PAPSS于2022年1月启动时仅有10家参与商业银行，如今已在赞比亚、马拉维、肯尼亚、突尼 斯等15个国家落地，网络覆盖150家商业银行。Ogbalu称"交易量增长极为显著"，但未公布具体数据。 与此同时，世界银行私营部门贷款机构——国际金融公司(IFC)已开始向非洲企业发放本币贷款。IFC非 洲事务副总裁Ethiopis Tafara表示，该机构认为这种转变对企业成长至关重要，可帮助它们规避美元借 贷的汇率风险。"若企业不产生硬通货收入，硬通货贷款将成为沉重负担，使其难以 ...